Revert "stdlib: Support malloc-managed environ arrays for compatibility"

This reverts commit b62759db04.

Reason for revert: Incompatible with “env -i” and coreutils (bug 32588).

Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>

csu/init-first.c

@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ _init_first (int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
   __libc_argc = argc;
   __libc_argv = argv;
   __environ = envp;
-  __environ_startup = envp;
 
 #ifndef SHARED
   /* First the initialization which normally would be done by the

csu/libc-start.c

@@ -244,7 +244,6 @@ LIBC_START_MAIN (int (*main) (int, char **, char ** MAIN_AUXVEC_DECL),
   char **ev = &argv[argc + 1];
 
   __environ = ev;
-  __environ_startup = ev;
 
   /* Store the lowest stack address.  This is done in ld.so if this is
      the code for the DSO.  */

include/unistd.h

@@ -203,9 +203,6 @@ libc_hidden_proto (__tcsetpgrp)
 extern int __libc_enable_secure attribute_relro;
 rtld_hidden_proto (__libc_enable_secure)
 
-/* Original value of __environ.  Initialized by _init_first (dynamic)
-   or __libc_start_main (static).  */
-extern char **__environ_startup attribute_hidden;
 
 /* Various internal function.  */
 extern void __libc_check_standard_fds (void) attribute_hidden;

posix/environ.c

@@ -10,5 +10,3 @@ weak_alias (__environ, environ)
 /* The SVR4 ABI says `_environ' will be the name to use
    in case the user overrides the weak alias `environ'.  */
 weak_alias (__environ, _environ)
-
-char **__environ_startup;

stdlib/Makefile

@@ -316,7 +316,6 @@ tests := \
   tst-setcontext9 \
   tst-setcontext10 \
   tst-setcontext11 \
-  tst-setenv-malloc \
   tst-stdbit-Wconversion \
   tst-stdbit-builtins \
   tst-stdc_bit_ceil \

stdlib/setenv.c

@@ -191,52 +191,52 @@ __add_to_environ (const char *name, const char *value, const char *combined,
 	ep[1] = NULL;
       else
 	{
-	  /* We cannot use __environ as is and need a larger allocation.  */
+	  /* We cannot use __environ as is and need to copy over the
+	     __environ contents into an array managed via
+	     __environ_array_list.  */
 
-	  if (start_environ == __environ_startup
+	  struct environ_array *target_array;
-	      || __environ_is_from_array_list (start_environ))
+	  if (__environ_array_list != NULL
+	      && required_size <= __environ_array_list->allocated)
+	    /* Existing array has enough room.  Contents is copied below.  */
+	    target_array = __environ_array_list;
+	  else
 	    {
-	      /* Allocate a new array, managed in the list.  */
+	      /* Allocate a new array.  */
-	      struct environ_array *target_array
+	      target_array = __environ_new_array (required_size);
-		= __environ_new_array (required_size);
 	      if (target_array == NULL)
 		{
 		  UNLOCK;
 		  return -1;
 		}
-	      result_environ = &target_array->array[0];
+	    }
 
-	      /* Copy over the __environ array contents.  This code
+	  /* Copy over the __environ array contents.  This forward
-		 handles the case start_environ == ep == NULL, too.  */
+	     copy slides backwards part of the array if __environ
-	      size_t i;
+	     points into target_array->array.  This happens if an
-	      for (i = 0; start_environ + i < ep; ++i)
+	     application makes an assignment like:
-		/* Regular store because unless there has been direct
+
-		   manipulation of the environment, target_array is still
+	       environ = &environ[1];
-		   a private copy.  */
+
-		result_environ[i] = atomic_load_relaxed (start_environ + i);
+	     The forward copy avoids clobbering values that still
-	    }
+	     needing copying.  This code handles the case
-	  else
+	     start_environ == ep == NULL, too.  */
-	    {
+	  size_t i;
-	      /* Otherwise the application installed its own pointer.
+	  for (i = 0; start_environ + i < ep; ++i)
-		 Historically, this pointer was managed using realloc.
+	    /* Regular store because unless there has been direct
-		 Continue doing so.  This disables multi-threading
+	       manipulation of the environment, target_array is still
-		 support.  */
+	       a private copy.  */
-	      result_environ = __libc_reallocarray (start_environ,
+	    target_array->array[i] = atomic_load_relaxed (start_environ + i);
-						    required_size,
-						    sizeof (*result_environ));
-	      if (result_environ == NULL)
-		{
-		  UNLOCK;
-		  return -1;
-		}
-	    }
 
 	  /* This is the new place where we should add the element.  */
-	  ep = result_environ + (required_size - 2);
+	  ep = target_array->array + i;
 
 	  /* Add the null terminator in case there was a pointer there
 	     previously.  */
 	  ep[1] = NULL;
+
+	  /* And __environ should be repointed to our array.  */
+	  result_environ = &target_array->array[0];
 	}
     }
 

stdlib/tst-setenv-malloc.c

@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-/* Test using setenv with a malloc-allocated environ variable.
-   Copyright (C) 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
-
-   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
-   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
-   Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
-   <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
-
-/* This test is not in the scope for POSIX or any other standard, but
-   some applications assume that environ is a heap-allocated pointer
-   after a call to setenv on an empty environment.  */
-
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <support/check.h>
-#include <support/support.h>
-
-static const char *original_path;
-static char **save_environ;
-
-static void
-rewrite_environ (void)
-{
-  save_environ = environ;
-  environ = xmalloc (sizeof (*environ));
-  *environ = NULL;
-  TEST_COMPARE (setenv ("A", "1", 1), 0);
-  TEST_COMPARE (setenv ("B", "2", 1), 0);
-  TEST_VERIFY (environ != save_environ);
-  TEST_COMPARE_STRING (environ[0], "A=1");
-  TEST_COMPARE_STRING (environ[1], "B=2");
-  TEST_COMPARE_STRING (environ[2], NULL);
-  TEST_COMPARE_STRING (getenv ("PATH"), NULL);
-  free (environ);
-  environ = save_environ;
-  TEST_COMPARE_STRING (getenv ("PATH"), original_path);
-}
-
-static int
-do_test (void)
-{
-  original_path = getenv ("PATH");
-  rewrite_environ ();
-
-  /* Test again after reallocated the environment due to an initial
-     setenv call.  */
-  TEST_COMPARE (setenv ("TST_SETENV_MALLOC", "1", 1), 0);
-  TEST_VERIFY (environ != save_environ);
-  rewrite_environ ();
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-#include <support/test-driver.c>