Highlights for this merge window:
* The whole caching of module code into huge pages by Mike Rapoport is going
in through Andrew Morton's tree due to some other code dependencies. That's
really the biggest highlight for Linux kernel modules in this release. With
it we share huge pages for modules, starting off with x86. Expect to see that
soon through Andrew!
* Helge Deller addressed some lingering low hanging fruit alignment
enhancements by. It is worth pointing out that from his old patch series
I dropped his vmlinux.lds.h change at Masahiro's request as he would
prefer this to be specified in asm code [0].
[0] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240129192644.3359978-5-mcgrof@kernel.org/T/#m9efef5e700fbecd28b7afb462c15eed8ba78ef5a
* Matthew Maurer and Sami Tolvanen have been tag teaming to help
get us closer to a modversions for Rust. In this cycle we take in
quite a lot of the refactoring for ELF validation. I expect modversions
for Rust will be merged by v6.14 as that code is mostly ready now.
* Adds a new modules selftests: kallsyms which helps us tests find_symbol()
and the limits of kallsyms on Linux today.
* We have a realtime mailing list to kernel-ci testing for modules now
which relies and combines patchwork, kpd and kdevops:
- https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-modules/list/
- https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/blob/main/docs/kernel-ci/README.md
- https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/blob/main/docs/kernel-ci/kernel-ci-kpd.md
- https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/blob/main/docs/kernel-ci/linux-modules-kdevops-ci.md
If you want to help avoid Linux kernel modules regressions, now its simple,
just add a new Linux modules sefltests under tools/testing/selftests/module/
That is it. All new selftests will be used and leveraged automatically by
the CI.
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Merge tag 'modules-6.13-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/modules/linux
Pull modules updates from Luis Chamberlain:
- The whole caching of module code into huge pages by Mike Rapoport is
going in through Andrew Morton's tree due to some other code
dependencies. That's really the biggest highlight for Linux kernel
modules in this release. With it we share huge pages for modules,
starting off with x86. Expect to see that soon through Andrew!
- Helge Deller addressed some lingering low hanging fruit alignment
enhancements by. It is worth pointing out that from his old patch
series I dropped his vmlinux.lds.h change at Masahiro's request as he
would prefer this to be specified in asm code [0].
[0] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240129192644.3359978-5-mcgrof@kernel.org/T/#m9efef5e700fbecd28b7afb462c15eed8ba78ef5a
- Matthew Maurer and Sami Tolvanen have been tag teaming to help get us
closer to a modversions for Rust. In this cycle we take in quite a
lot of the refactoring for ELF validation. I expect modversions for
Rust will be merged by v6.14 as that code is mostly ready now.
- Adds a new modules selftests: kallsyms which helps us tests
find_symbol() and the limits of kallsyms on Linux today.
- We have a realtime mailing list to kernel-ci testing for modules now
which relies and combines patchwork, kpd and kdevops:
https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-modules/list/https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/blob/main/docs/kernel-ci/README.mdhttps://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/blob/main/docs/kernel-ci/kernel-ci-kpd.mdhttps://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/blob/main/docs/kernel-ci/linux-modules-kdevops-ci.md
If you want to help avoid Linux kernel modules regressions, now its
simple, just add a new Linux modules sefltests under
tools/testing/selftests/module/ That is it. All new selftests will be
used and leveraged automatically by the CI.
* tag 'modules-6.13-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/modules/linux:
tests/module/gen_test_kallsyms.sh: use 0 value for variables
scripts: Remove export_report.pl
selftests: kallsyms: add MODULE_DESCRIPTION
selftests: add new kallsyms selftests
module: Reformat struct for code style
module: Additional validation in elf_validity_cache_strtab
module: Factor out elf_validity_cache_strtab
module: Group section index calculations together
module: Factor out elf_validity_cache_index_str
module: Factor out elf_validity_cache_index_sym
module: Factor out elf_validity_cache_index_mod
module: Factor out elf_validity_cache_index_info
module: Factor out elf_validity_cache_secstrings
module: Factor out elf_validity_cache_sechdrs
module: Factor out elf_validity_ehdr
module: Take const arg in validate_section_offset
modules: Add missing entry for __ex_table
modules: Ensure 64-bit alignment on __ksymtab_* sections
Sergey Senozhatsky improves zram's post-processing selection algorithm.
This leads to improved memory savings.
- Wei Yang has gone to town on the mapletree code, contributing several
series which clean up the implementation:
- "refine mas_mab_cp()"
- "Reduce the space to be cleared for maple_big_node"
- "maple_tree: simplify mas_push_node()"
- "Following cleanup after introduce mas_wr_store_type()"
- "refine storing null"
- The series "selftests/mm: hugetlb_fault_after_madv improvements" from
David Hildenbrand fixes this selftest for s390.
- The series "introduce pte_offset_map_{ro|rw}_nolock()" from Qi Zheng
implements some rationaizations and cleanups in the page mapping code.
- The series "mm: optimize shadow entries removal" from Shakeel Butt
optimizes the file truncation code by speeding up the handling of shadow
entries.
- The series "Remove PageKsm()" from Matthew Wilcox completes the
migration of this flag over to being a folio-based flag.
- The series "Unify hugetlb into arch_get_unmapped_area functions" from
Oscar Salvador implements a bunch of consolidations and cleanups in the
hugetlb code.
- The series "Do not shatter hugezeropage on wp-fault" from Dev Jain
takes away the wp-fault time practice of turning a huge zero page into
small pages. Instead we replace the whole thing with a THP. More
consistent cleaner and potentiall saves a large number of pagefaults.
- The series "percpu: Add a test case and fix for clang" from Andy
Shevchenko enhances and fixes the kernel's built in percpu test code.
- The series "mm/mremap: Remove extra vma tree walk" from Liam Howlett
optimizes mremap() by avoiding doing things which we didn't need to do.
- The series "Improve the tmpfs large folio read performance" from
Baolin Wang teaches tmpfs to copy data into userspace at the folio size
rather than as individual pages. A 20% speedup was observed.
- The series "mm/damon/vaddr: Fix issue in
damon_va_evenly_split_region()" fro Zheng Yejian fixes DAMON splitting.
- The series "memcg-v1: fully deprecate charge moving" from Shakeel Butt
removes the long-deprecated memcgv2 charge moving feature.
- The series "fix error handling in mmap_region() and refactor" from
Lorenzo Stoakes cleanup up some of the mmap() error handling and
addresses some potential performance issues.
- The series "x86/module: use large ROX pages for text allocations" from
Mike Rapoport teaches x86 to use large pages for read-only-execute
module text.
- The series "page allocation tag compression" from Suren Baghdasaryan
is followon maintenance work for the new page allocation profiling
feature.
- The series "page->index removals in mm" from Matthew Wilcox remove
most references to page->index in mm/. A slow march towards shrinking
struct page.
- The series "damon/{self,kunit}tests: minor fixups for DAMON debugfs
interface tests" from Andrew Paniakin performs maintenance work for
DAMON's self testing code.
- The series "mm: zswap swap-out of large folios" from Kanchana Sridhar
improves zswap's batching of compression and decompression. It is a
step along the way towards using Intel IAA hardware acceleration for
this zswap operation.
- The series "kasan: migrate the last module test to kunit" from
Sabyrzhan Tasbolatov completes the migration of the KASAN built-in tests
over to the KUnit framework.
- The series "implement lightweight guard pages" from Lorenzo Stoakes
permits userapace to place fault-generating guard pages within a single
VMA, rather than requiring that multiple VMAs be created for this.
Improved efficiencies for userspace memory allocators are expected.
- The series "memcg: tracepoint for flushing stats" from JP Kobryn uses
tracepoints to provide increased visibility into memcg stats flushing
activity.
- The series "zram: IDLE flag handling fixes" from Sergey Senozhatsky
fixes a zram buglet which potentially affected performance.
- The series "mm: add more kernel parameters to control mTHP" from
Maíra Canal enhances our ability to control/configuremultisize THP from
the kernel boot command line.
- The series "kasan: few improvements on kunit tests" from Sabyrzhan
Tasbolatov has a couple of fixups for the KASAN KUnit tests.
- The series "mm/list_lru: Split list_lru lock into per-cgroup scope"
from Kairui Song optimizes list_lru memory utilization when lockdep is
enabled.
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Merge tag 'mm-stable-2024-11-18-19-27' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- The series "zram: optimal post-processing target selection" from
Sergey Senozhatsky improves zram's post-processing selection
algorithm. This leads to improved memory savings.
- Wei Yang has gone to town on the mapletree code, contributing several
series which clean up the implementation:
- "refine mas_mab_cp()"
- "Reduce the space to be cleared for maple_big_node"
- "maple_tree: simplify mas_push_node()"
- "Following cleanup after introduce mas_wr_store_type()"
- "refine storing null"
- The series "selftests/mm: hugetlb_fault_after_madv improvements" from
David Hildenbrand fixes this selftest for s390.
- The series "introduce pte_offset_map_{ro|rw}_nolock()" from Qi Zheng
implements some rationaizations and cleanups in the page mapping
code.
- The series "mm: optimize shadow entries removal" from Shakeel Butt
optimizes the file truncation code by speeding up the handling of
shadow entries.
- The series "Remove PageKsm()" from Matthew Wilcox completes the
migration of this flag over to being a folio-based flag.
- The series "Unify hugetlb into arch_get_unmapped_area functions" from
Oscar Salvador implements a bunch of consolidations and cleanups in
the hugetlb code.
- The series "Do not shatter hugezeropage on wp-fault" from Dev Jain
takes away the wp-fault time practice of turning a huge zero page
into small pages. Instead we replace the whole thing with a THP. More
consistent cleaner and potentiall saves a large number of pagefaults.
- The series "percpu: Add a test case and fix for clang" from Andy
Shevchenko enhances and fixes the kernel's built in percpu test code.
- The series "mm/mremap: Remove extra vma tree walk" from Liam Howlett
optimizes mremap() by avoiding doing things which we didn't need to
do.
- The series "Improve the tmpfs large folio read performance" from
Baolin Wang teaches tmpfs to copy data into userspace at the folio
size rather than as individual pages. A 20% speedup was observed.
- The series "mm/damon/vaddr: Fix issue in
damon_va_evenly_split_region()" fro Zheng Yejian fixes DAMON
splitting.
- The series "memcg-v1: fully deprecate charge moving" from Shakeel
Butt removes the long-deprecated memcgv2 charge moving feature.
- The series "fix error handling in mmap_region() and refactor" from
Lorenzo Stoakes cleanup up some of the mmap() error handling and
addresses some potential performance issues.
- The series "x86/module: use large ROX pages for text allocations"
from Mike Rapoport teaches x86 to use large pages for
read-only-execute module text.
- The series "page allocation tag compression" from Suren Baghdasaryan
is followon maintenance work for the new page allocation profiling
feature.
- The series "page->index removals in mm" from Matthew Wilcox remove
most references to page->index in mm/. A slow march towards shrinking
struct page.
- The series "damon/{self,kunit}tests: minor fixups for DAMON debugfs
interface tests" from Andrew Paniakin performs maintenance work for
DAMON's self testing code.
- The series "mm: zswap swap-out of large folios" from Kanchana Sridhar
improves zswap's batching of compression and decompression. It is a
step along the way towards using Intel IAA hardware acceleration for
this zswap operation.
- The series "kasan: migrate the last module test to kunit" from
Sabyrzhan Tasbolatov completes the migration of the KASAN built-in
tests over to the KUnit framework.
- The series "implement lightweight guard pages" from Lorenzo Stoakes
permits userapace to place fault-generating guard pages within a
single VMA, rather than requiring that multiple VMAs be created for
this. Improved efficiencies for userspace memory allocators are
expected.
- The series "memcg: tracepoint for flushing stats" from JP Kobryn uses
tracepoints to provide increased visibility into memcg stats flushing
activity.
- The series "zram: IDLE flag handling fixes" from Sergey Senozhatsky
fixes a zram buglet which potentially affected performance.
- The series "mm: add more kernel parameters to control mTHP" from
Maíra Canal enhances our ability to control/configuremultisize THP
from the kernel boot command line.
- The series "kasan: few improvements on kunit tests" from Sabyrzhan
Tasbolatov has a couple of fixups for the KASAN KUnit tests.
- The series "mm/list_lru: Split list_lru lock into per-cgroup scope"
from Kairui Song optimizes list_lru memory utilization when lockdep
is enabled.
* tag 'mm-stable-2024-11-18-19-27' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (215 commits)
cma: enforce non-zero pageblock_order during cma_init_reserved_mem()
mm/kfence: add a new kunit test test_use_after_free_read_nofault()
zram: fix NULL pointer in comp_algorithm_show()
memcg/hugetlb: add hugeTLB counters to memcg
vmstat: call fold_vm_zone_numa_events() before show per zone NUMA event
mm: mmap_lock: check trace_mmap_lock_$type_enabled() instead of regcount
zram: ZRAM_DEF_COMP should depend on ZRAM
MAINTAINERS/MEMORY MANAGEMENT: add document files for mm
Docs/mm/damon: recommend academic papers to read and/or cite
mm: define general function pXd_init()
kmemleak: iommu/iova: fix transient kmemleak false positive
mm/list_lru: simplify the list_lru walk callback function
mm/list_lru: split the lock to per-cgroup scope
mm/list_lru: simplify reparenting and initial allocation
mm/list_lru: code clean up for reparenting
mm/list_lru: don't export list_lru_add
mm/list_lru: don't pass unnecessary key parameters
kasan: add kunit tests for kmalloc_track_caller, kmalloc_node_track_caller
kasan: change kasan_atomics kunit test as KUNIT_CASE_SLOW
kasan: use EXPORT_SYMBOL_IF_KUNIT to export symbols
...
When a module gets unloaded there is a possibility that some of the
allocations it made are still used and therefore the allocation tags
corresponding to these allocations are still referenced. As such, the
memory for these tags can't be freed. This is currently handled as an
abnormal situation and module's data section is not being unloaded. To
handle this situation without keeping module's data in memory, allow
codetags with longer lifespan than the module to be loaded into their own
separate memory. The in-use memory areas and gaps after module unloading
in this separate memory are tracked using maple trees. Allocation tags
arrange their separate memory so that it is virtually contiguous and that
will allow simple allocation tag indexing later on in this patchset. The
size of this virtually contiguous memory is set to store up to 100000
allocation tags.
[surenb@google.com: fix empty codetag module section handling]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20241101000017.3856204-1-surenb@google.com
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: update comment, per Dan]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20241023170759.999909-4-surenb@google.com
Signed-off-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Daniel Gomez <da.gomez@samsung.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Kalesh Singh <kaleshsingh@google.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@Oracle.com>
Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@google.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Cc: Sourav Panda <souravpanda@google.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Cc: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Xiongwei Song <xiongwei.song@windriver.com>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
In order to support ROX allocations for module text, it is necessary to
handle modifications to the code, such as relocations and alternatives
patching, without write access to that memory.
One option is to use text patching, but this would make module loading
extremely slow and will expose executable code that is not finally formed.
A better way is to have memory allocated with ROX permissions contain
invalid instructions and keep a writable, but not executable copy of the
module text. The relocations and alternative patches would be done on the
writable copy using the addresses of the ROX memory. Once the module is
completely ready, the updated text will be copied to ROX memory using text
patching in one go and the writable copy will be freed.
Add support for that to module initialization code and provide necessary
interfaces in execmem.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20241023162711.2579610-5-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
Reviewd-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Tested-by: kdevops <kdevops@lists.linux.dev>
Cc: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@quicinc.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@Oracle.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
all failure exits prior to fdget() leave the scope, all matching fdput()
are immediately followed by leaving the scope.
[xfs_ioc_commit_range() chunk moved here as well]
Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
With few exceptions emptiness checks are done as fd_file(...) in boolean
context (usually something like if (!fd_file(f))...); those will be
taken care of later.
However, there's a couple of places where we do those checks as
'store fd_file(...) into a variable, then check if this variable is
NULL' and those are harder to spot.
Get rid of those now.
use fd_empty() instead of extracting file and then checking it for NULL.
Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Validate properties of the strtab that are depended on elsewhere, but
were previously unchecked:
* String table nonempty (offset 0 is valid)
* String table has a leading NUL (offset 0 corresponds to "")
* String table is NUL terminated (strfoo functions won't run out of the
table while reading).
* All symbols names are inbounds of the string table.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
This patch only moves the existing strtab population to a function.
Validation comes in a following patch, this is split out to make the new
validation checks more clearly separated.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Group all the index detection together to make the parent function
easier to read.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Pull out index validation for the symbol string section.
Note that this does not validate the *contents* of the string table,
only shape and presence of the section.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Centralize symbol table detection and property validation.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Centralize .gnu.linkonce.this_module detection and property validation.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Centralize .modinfo detection and property validation.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Factor out the validation of section names.
There are two behavioral changes:
1. Previously, we did not validate non-SHF_ALLOC sections.
This may have once been safe, as find_sec skips non-SHF_ALLOC
sections, but find_any_sec, which will be used to load BTF if that is
enabled, ignores the SHF_ALLOC flag. Since there's no need to support
invalid section names, validate all of them, not just SHF_ALLOC
sections.
2. Section names were validated *after* accessing them for the purposes
of detecting ".modinfo" and ".gnu.linkonce.this_module". They are now
checked prior to the access, which could avoid bad accesses with
malformed modules.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Factor out and document the validation of section headers.
Because we now validate all section offsets and lengths before accessing
them, we can remove the ad-hoc checks.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Factor out verification of the ELF header and document what is checked.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
`validate_section_offset` doesn't modify the info passed in. Make this
clear by adjusting the type signature.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'pull-stable-struct_fd' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull 'struct fd' updates from Al Viro:
"Just the 'struct fd' layout change, with conversion to accessor
helpers"
* tag 'pull-stable-struct_fd' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
add struct fd constructors, get rid of __to_fd()
struct fd: representation change
introduce fd_file(), convert all accessors to it.
For any changes of struct fd representation we need to
turn existing accesses to fields into calls of wrappers.
Accesses to struct fd::flags are very few (3 in linux/file.h,
1 in net/socket.c, 3 in fs/overlayfs/file.c and 3 more in
explicit initializers).
Those can be dealt with in the commit converting to
new layout; accesses to struct fd::file are too many for that.
This commit converts (almost) all of f.file to
fd_file(f). It's not entirely mechanical ('file' is used as
a member name more than just in struct fd) and it does not
even attempt to distinguish the uses in pointer context from
those in boolean context; the latter will be eventually turned
into a separate helper (fd_empty()).
NOTE: mass conversion to fd_empty(), tempting as it
might be, is a bad idea; better do that piecewise in commit
that convert from fdget...() to CLASS(...).
[conflicts in fs/fhandle.c, kernel/bpf/syscall.c, mm/memcontrol.c
caught by git; fs/stat.c one got caught by git grep]
[fs/xattr.c conflict]
Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
The recursive aes-arm-bs module load situation reported by Russell King
is getting fixed in the crypto layer, but this in the meantime fixes the
"recursive load hangs forever" by just making the waiting for the first
module load be interruptible.
This should now match the old behavior before commit 9b9879fc03
("modules: catch concurrent module loads, treat them as idempotent"),
which used the different "wait for module to be ready" code in
module_patient_check_exists().
End result: a recursive module load will still block, but now a signal
will interrupt it and fail the second module load, at which point the
first module will successfully complete loading.
Fixes: 9b9879fc03 ("modules: catch concurrent module loads, treat them as idempotent")
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Russell King reported that the arm cbc(aes) crypto module hangs when
loaded, and Herbert Xu bisected it to commit 9b9879fc03 ("modules:
catch concurrent module loads, treat them as idempotent"), and noted:
"So what's happening here is that the first modprobe tries to load a
fallback CBC implementation, in doing so it triggers a load of the
exact same module due to module aliases.
IOW we're loading aes-arm-bs which provides cbc(aes). However, this
needs a fallback of cbc(aes) to operate, which is made out of the
generic cbc module + any implementation of aes, or ecb(aes). The
latter happens to also be provided by aes-arm-cb so that's why it
tries to load the same module again"
So loading the aes-arm-bs module ends up wanting to recursively load
itself, and the recursive load then ends up waiting for the original
module load to complete.
This is a regression, in that it used to be that we just tried to load
the module multiple times, and then as we went on to install it the
second time we would instead just error out because the module name
already existed.
That is actually also exactly what the original "catch concurrent loads"
patch did in commit 9828ed3f69 ("module: error out early on concurrent
load of the same module file"), but it turns out that it ends up being
racy, in that erroring out before the module has been fully initialized
will cause failures in dependent module loading.
See commit ac2263b588 (which was the revert of that "error out early")
commit for details about why erroring out before the module has been
initialized is actually fundamentally racy.
Now, for the actual recursive module load (as opposed to just
concurrently loading the same module twice), the race is not an issue.
At the same time it's hard for the kernel to see that this is recursion,
because the module load is always done from a usermode helper, so the
recursion is not some simple callchain within the kernel.
End result: this is not the real fix, but this at least adds a warning
for the situation (admittedly much too late for all the debugging pain
that Russell and Herbert went through) and if we can come to a
resolution on how to detect the recursion properly, this re-organizes
the code to make that easier.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/ZrFHLqvFqhzykuYw@shell.armlinux.org.uk/
Reported-by: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Debugged-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
...as this will allow split BTF modules with a base BTF
representation (rather than the full vmlinux BTF at time of
BTF encoding) to resolve their references to kernel types in a
way that is more resilient to small changes in kernel types.
This will allow modules that are not built every time the kernel
is to provide more resilient BTF, rather than have it invalidated
every time BTF ids for core kernel types change.
Fields are ordered to avoid holes in struct module.
Signed-off-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240620091733.1967885-3-alan.maguire@oracle.com
documented (hopefully adequately) in the respective changelogs. Notable
series include:
- Lucas Stach has provided some page-mapping
cleanup/consolidation/maintainability work in the series "mm/treewide:
Remove pXd_huge() API".
- In the series "Allow migrate on protnone reference with
MPOL_PREFERRED_MANY policy", Donet Tom has optimized mempolicy's
MPOL_PREFERRED_MANY mode, yielding almost doubled performance in one
test.
- In their series "Memory allocation profiling" Kent Overstreet and
Suren Baghdasaryan have contributed a means of determining (via
/proc/allocinfo) whereabouts in the kernel memory is being allocated:
number of calls and amount of memory.
- Matthew Wilcox has provided the series "Various significant MM
patches" which does a number of rather unrelated things, but in largely
similar code sites.
- In his series "mm: page_alloc: freelist migratetype hygiene" Johannes
Weiner has fixed the page allocator's handling of migratetype requests,
with resulting improvements in compaction efficiency.
- In the series "make the hugetlb migration strategy consistent" Baolin
Wang has fixed a hugetlb migration issue, which should improve hugetlb
allocation reliability.
- Liu Shixin has hit an I/O meltdown caused by readahead in a
memory-tight memcg. Addressed in the series "Fix I/O high when memory
almost met memcg limit".
- In the series "mm/filemap: optimize folio adding and splitting" Kairui
Song has optimized pagecache insertion, yielding ~10% performance
improvement in one test.
- Baoquan He has cleaned up and consolidated the early zone
initialization code in the series "mm/mm_init.c: refactor
free_area_init_core()".
- Baoquan has also redone some MM initializatio code in the series
"mm/init: minor clean up and improvement".
- MM helper cleanups from Christoph Hellwig in his series "remove
follow_pfn".
- More cleanups from Matthew Wilcox in the series "Various page->flags
cleanups".
- Vlastimil Babka has contributed maintainability improvements in the
series "memcg_kmem hooks refactoring".
- More folio conversions and cleanups in Matthew Wilcox's series
"Convert huge_zero_page to huge_zero_folio"
"khugepaged folio conversions"
"Remove page_idle and page_young wrappers"
"Use folio APIs in procfs"
"Clean up __folio_put()"
"Some cleanups for memory-failure"
"Remove page_mapping()"
"More folio compat code removal"
- David Hildenbrand chipped in with "fs/proc/task_mmu: convert hugetlb
functions to work on folis".
- Code consolidation and cleanup work related to GUP's handling of
hugetlbs in Peter Xu's series "mm/gup: Unify hugetlb, part 2".
- Rick Edgecombe has developed some fixes to stack guard gaps in the
series "Cover a guard gap corner case".
- Jinjiang Tu has fixed KSM's behaviour after a fork+exec in the series
"mm/ksm: fix ksm exec support for prctl".
- Baolin Wang has implemented NUMA balancing for multi-size THPs. This
is a simple first-cut implementation for now. The series is "support
multi-size THP numa balancing".
- Cleanups to vma handling helper functions from Matthew Wilcox in the
series "Unify vma_address and vma_pgoff_address".
- Some selftests maintenance work from Dev Jain in the series
"selftests/mm: mremap_test: Optimizations and style fixes".
- Improvements to the swapping of multi-size THPs from Ryan Roberts in
the series "Swap-out mTHP without splitting".
- Kefeng Wang has significantly optimized the handling of arm64's
permission page faults in the series
"arch/mm/fault: accelerate pagefault when badaccess"
"mm: remove arch's private VM_FAULT_BADMAP/BADACCESS"
- GUP cleanups from David Hildenbrand in "mm/gup: consistently call it
GUP-fast".
- hugetlb fault code cleanups from Vishal Moola in "Hugetlb fault path to
use struct vm_fault".
- selftests build fixes from John Hubbard in the series "Fix
selftests/mm build without requiring "make headers"".
- Memory tiering fixes/improvements from Ho-Ren (Jack) Chuang in the
series "Improved Memory Tier Creation for CPUless NUMA Nodes". Fixes
the initialization code so that migration between different memory types
works as intended.
- David Hildenbrand has improved follow_pte() and fixed an errant driver
in the series "mm: follow_pte() improvements and acrn follow_pte()
fixes".
- David also did some cleanup work on large folio mapcounts in his
series "mm: mapcount for large folios + page_mapcount() cleanups".
- Folio conversions in KSM in Alex Shi's series "transfer page to folio
in KSM".
- Barry Song has added some sysfs stats for monitoring multi-size THP's
in the series "mm: add per-order mTHP alloc and swpout counters".
- Some zswap cleanups from Yosry Ahmed in the series "zswap same-filled
and limit checking cleanups".
- Matthew Wilcox has been looking at buffer_head code and found the
documentation to be lacking. The series is "Improve buffer head
documentation".
- Multi-size THPs get more work, this time from Lance Yang. His series
"mm/madvise: enhance lazyfreeing with mTHP in madvise_free" optimizes
the freeing of these things.
- Kemeng Shi has added more userspace-visible writeback instrumentation
in the series "Improve visibility of writeback".
- Kemeng Shi then sent some maintenance work on top in the series "Fix
and cleanups to page-writeback".
- Matthew Wilcox reduces mmap_lock traffic in the anon vma code in the
series "Improve anon_vma scalability for anon VMAs". Intel's test bot
reported an improbable 3x improvement in one test.
- SeongJae Park adds some DAMON feature work in the series
"mm/damon: add a DAMOS filter type for page granularity access recheck"
"selftests/damon: add DAMOS quota goal test"
- Also some maintenance work in the series
"mm/damon/paddr: simplify page level access re-check for pageout"
"mm/damon: misc fixes and improvements"
- David Hildenbrand has disabled some known-to-fail selftests ni the
series "selftests: mm: cow: flag vmsplice() hugetlb tests as XFAIL".
- memcg metadata storage optimizations from Shakeel Butt in "memcg:
reduce memory consumption by memcg stats".
- DAX fixes and maintenance work from Vishal Verma in the series
"dax/bus.c: Fixups for dax-bus locking".
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Merge tag 'mm-stable-2024-05-17-19-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull mm updates from Andrew Morton:
"The usual shower of singleton fixes and minor series all over MM,
documented (hopefully adequately) in the respective changelogs.
Notable series include:
- Lucas Stach has provided some page-mapping cleanup/consolidation/
maintainability work in the series "mm/treewide: Remove pXd_huge()
API".
- In the series "Allow migrate on protnone reference with
MPOL_PREFERRED_MANY policy", Donet Tom has optimized mempolicy's
MPOL_PREFERRED_MANY mode, yielding almost doubled performance in
one test.
- In their series "Memory allocation profiling" Kent Overstreet and
Suren Baghdasaryan have contributed a means of determining (via
/proc/allocinfo) whereabouts in the kernel memory is being
allocated: number of calls and amount of memory.
- Matthew Wilcox has provided the series "Various significant MM
patches" which does a number of rather unrelated things, but in
largely similar code sites.
- In his series "mm: page_alloc: freelist migratetype hygiene"
Johannes Weiner has fixed the page allocator's handling of
migratetype requests, with resulting improvements in compaction
efficiency.
- In the series "make the hugetlb migration strategy consistent"
Baolin Wang has fixed a hugetlb migration issue, which should
improve hugetlb allocation reliability.
- Liu Shixin has hit an I/O meltdown caused by readahead in a
memory-tight memcg. Addressed in the series "Fix I/O high when
memory almost met memcg limit".
- In the series "mm/filemap: optimize folio adding and splitting"
Kairui Song has optimized pagecache insertion, yielding ~10%
performance improvement in one test.
- Baoquan He has cleaned up and consolidated the early zone
initialization code in the series "mm/mm_init.c: refactor
free_area_init_core()".
- Baoquan has also redone some MM initializatio code in the series
"mm/init: minor clean up and improvement".
- MM helper cleanups from Christoph Hellwig in his series "remove
follow_pfn".
- More cleanups from Matthew Wilcox in the series "Various
page->flags cleanups".
- Vlastimil Babka has contributed maintainability improvements in the
series "memcg_kmem hooks refactoring".
- More folio conversions and cleanups in Matthew Wilcox's series:
"Convert huge_zero_page to huge_zero_folio"
"khugepaged folio conversions"
"Remove page_idle and page_young wrappers"
"Use folio APIs in procfs"
"Clean up __folio_put()"
"Some cleanups for memory-failure"
"Remove page_mapping()"
"More folio compat code removal"
- David Hildenbrand chipped in with "fs/proc/task_mmu: convert
hugetlb functions to work on folis".
- Code consolidation and cleanup work related to GUP's handling of
hugetlbs in Peter Xu's series "mm/gup: Unify hugetlb, part 2".
- Rick Edgecombe has developed some fixes to stack guard gaps in the
series "Cover a guard gap corner case".
- Jinjiang Tu has fixed KSM's behaviour after a fork+exec in the
series "mm/ksm: fix ksm exec support for prctl".
- Baolin Wang has implemented NUMA balancing for multi-size THPs.
This is a simple first-cut implementation for now. The series is
"support multi-size THP numa balancing".
- Cleanups to vma handling helper functions from Matthew Wilcox in
the series "Unify vma_address and vma_pgoff_address".
- Some selftests maintenance work from Dev Jain in the series
"selftests/mm: mremap_test: Optimizations and style fixes".
- Improvements to the swapping of multi-size THPs from Ryan Roberts
in the series "Swap-out mTHP without splitting".
- Kefeng Wang has significantly optimized the handling of arm64's
permission page faults in the series
"arch/mm/fault: accelerate pagefault when badaccess"
"mm: remove arch's private VM_FAULT_BADMAP/BADACCESS"
- GUP cleanups from David Hildenbrand in "mm/gup: consistently call
it GUP-fast".
- hugetlb fault code cleanups from Vishal Moola in "Hugetlb fault
path to use struct vm_fault".
- selftests build fixes from John Hubbard in the series "Fix
selftests/mm build without requiring "make headers"".
- Memory tiering fixes/improvements from Ho-Ren (Jack) Chuang in the
series "Improved Memory Tier Creation for CPUless NUMA Nodes".
Fixes the initialization code so that migration between different
memory types works as intended.
- David Hildenbrand has improved follow_pte() and fixed an errant
driver in the series "mm: follow_pte() improvements and acrn
follow_pte() fixes".
- David also did some cleanup work on large folio mapcounts in his
series "mm: mapcount for large folios + page_mapcount() cleanups".
- Folio conversions in KSM in Alex Shi's series "transfer page to
folio in KSM".
- Barry Song has added some sysfs stats for monitoring multi-size
THP's in the series "mm: add per-order mTHP alloc and swpout
counters".
- Some zswap cleanups from Yosry Ahmed in the series "zswap
same-filled and limit checking cleanups".
- Matthew Wilcox has been looking at buffer_head code and found the
documentation to be lacking. The series is "Improve buffer head
documentation".
- Multi-size THPs get more work, this time from Lance Yang. His
series "mm/madvise: enhance lazyfreeing with mTHP in madvise_free"
optimizes the freeing of these things.
- Kemeng Shi has added more userspace-visible writeback
instrumentation in the series "Improve visibility of writeback".
- Kemeng Shi then sent some maintenance work on top in the series
"Fix and cleanups to page-writeback".
- Matthew Wilcox reduces mmap_lock traffic in the anon vma code in
the series "Improve anon_vma scalability for anon VMAs". Intel's
test bot reported an improbable 3x improvement in one test.
- SeongJae Park adds some DAMON feature work in the series
"mm/damon: add a DAMOS filter type for page granularity access recheck"
"selftests/damon: add DAMOS quota goal test"
- Also some maintenance work in the series
"mm/damon/paddr: simplify page level access re-check for pageout"
"mm/damon: misc fixes and improvements"
- David Hildenbrand has disabled some known-to-fail selftests ni the
series "selftests: mm: cow: flag vmsplice() hugetlb tests as
XFAIL".
- memcg metadata storage optimizations from Shakeel Butt in "memcg:
reduce memory consumption by memcg stats".
- DAX fixes and maintenance work from Vishal Verma in the series
"dax/bus.c: Fixups for dax-bus locking""
* tag 'mm-stable-2024-05-17-19-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (426 commits)
memcg, oom: cleanup unused memcg_oom_gfp_mask and memcg_oom_order
selftests/mm: hugetlb_madv_vs_map: avoid test skipping by querying hugepage size at runtime
mm/hugetlb: add missing VM_FAULT_SET_HINDEX in hugetlb_wp
mm/hugetlb: add missing VM_FAULT_SET_HINDEX in hugetlb_fault
selftests: cgroup: add tests to verify the zswap writeback path
mm: memcg: make alloc_mem_cgroup_per_node_info() return bool
mm/damon/core: fix return value from damos_wmark_metric_value
mm: do not update memcg stats for NR_{FILE/SHMEM}_PMDMAPPED
selftests: cgroup: remove redundant enabling of memory controller
Docs/mm/damon/maintainer-profile: allow posting patches based on damon/next tree
Docs/mm/damon/maintainer-profile: change the maintainer's timezone from PST to PT
Docs/mm/damon/design: use a list for supported filters
Docs/admin-guide/mm/damon/usage: fix wrong schemes effective quota update command
Docs/admin-guide/mm/damon/usage: fix wrong example of DAMOS filter matching sysfs file
selftests/damon: classify tests for functionalities and regressions
selftests/damon/_damon_sysfs: use 'is' instead of '==' for 'None'
selftests/damon/_damon_sysfs: find sysfs mount point from /proc/mounts
selftests/damon/_damon_sysfs: check errors from nr_schemes file reads
mm/damon/core: initialize ->esz_bp from damos_quota_init_priv()
selftests/damon: add a test for DAMOS quota goal
...
Extend execmem parameters to accommodate more complex overrides of
module_alloc() by architectures.
This includes specification of a fallback range required by arm, arm64
and powerpc, EXECMEM_MODULE_DATA type required by powerpc, support for
allocation of KASAN shadow required by s390 and x86 and support for
late initialization of execmem required by arm64.
The core implementation of execmem_alloc() takes care of suppressing
warnings when the initial allocation fails but there is a fallback range
defined.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Liviu Dudau <liviu@dudau.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
module_alloc() is used everywhere as a mean to allocate memory for code.
Beside being semantically wrong, this unnecessarily ties all subsystems
that need to allocate code, such as ftrace, kprobes and BPF to modules and
puts the burden of code allocation to the modules code.
Several architectures override module_alloc() because of various
constraints where the executable memory can be located and this causes
additional obstacles for improvements of code allocation.
Start splitting code allocation from modules by introducing execmem_alloc()
and execmem_free() APIs.
Initially, execmem_alloc() is a wrapper for module_alloc() and
execmem_free() is a replacement of module_memfree() to allow updating all
call sites to use the new APIs.
Since architectures define different restrictions on placement,
permissions, alignment and other parameters for memory that can be used by
different subsystems that allocate executable memory, execmem_alloc() takes
a type argument, that will be used to identify the calling subsystem and to
allow architectures define parameters for ranges suitable for that
subsystem.
No functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Move the logic related to the memory allocation and freeing into
module_memory_alloc() and module_memory_free().
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Skip freeing module's data section if there are non-zero allocation tags
because otherwise, once these allocations are freed, the access to their
code tag would cause UAF.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240321163705.3067592-13-surenb@google.com
Signed-off-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Tested-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Alex Gaynor <alex.gaynor@gmail.com>
Cc: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Cc: Andreas Hindborg <a.hindborg@samsung.com>
Cc: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>
Cc: "Björn Roy Baron" <bjorn3_gh@protonmail.com>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>
Cc: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Wedson Almeida Filho <wedsonaf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
from hotplugged memory rather than only from main memory. Series
"implement "memmap on memory" feature on s390".
- More folio conversions from Matthew Wilcox in the series
"Convert memcontrol charge moving to use folios"
"mm: convert mm counter to take a folio"
- Chengming Zhou has optimized zswap's rbtree locking, providing
significant reductions in system time and modest but measurable
reductions in overall runtimes. The series is "mm/zswap: optimize the
scalability of zswap rb-tree".
- Chengming Zhou has also provided the series "mm/zswap: optimize zswap
lru list" which provides measurable runtime benefits in some
swap-intensive situations.
- And Chengming Zhou further optimizes zswap in the series "mm/zswap:
optimize for dynamic zswap_pools". Measured improvements are modest.
- zswap cleanups and simplifications from Yosry Ahmed in the series "mm:
zswap: simplify zswap_swapoff()".
- In the series "Add DAX ABI for memmap_on_memory", Vishal Verma has
contributed several DAX cleanups as well as adding a sysfs tunable to
control the memmap_on_memory setting when the dax device is hotplugged
as system memory.
- Johannes Weiner has added the large series "mm: zswap: cleanups",
which does that.
- More DAMON work from SeongJae Park in the series
"mm/damon: make DAMON debugfs interface deprecation unignorable"
"selftests/damon: add more tests for core functionalities and corner cases"
"Docs/mm/damon: misc readability improvements"
"mm/damon: let DAMOS feeds and tame/auto-tune itself"
- In the series "mm/mempolicy: weighted interleave mempolicy and sysfs
extension" Rakie Kim has developed a new mempolicy interleaving policy
wherein we allocate memory across nodes in a weighted fashion rather
than uniformly. This is beneficial in heterogeneous memory environments
appearing with CXL.
- Christophe Leroy has contributed some cleanup and consolidation work
against the ARM pagetable dumping code in the series "mm: ptdump:
Refactor CONFIG_DEBUG_WX and check_wx_pages debugfs attribute".
- Luis Chamberlain has added some additional xarray selftesting in the
series "test_xarray: advanced API multi-index tests".
- Muhammad Usama Anjum has reworked the selftest code to make its
human-readable output conform to the TAP ("Test Anything Protocol")
format. Amongst other things, this opens up the use of third-party
tools to parse and process out selftesting results.
- Ryan Roberts has added fork()-time PTE batching of THP ptes in the
series "mm/memory: optimize fork() with PTE-mapped THP". Mainly
targeted at arm64, this significantly speeds up fork() when the process
has a large number of pte-mapped folios.
- David Hildenbrand also gets in on the THP pte batching game in his
series "mm/memory: optimize unmap/zap with PTE-mapped THP". It
implements batching during munmap() and other pte teardown situations.
The microbenchmark improvements are nice.
- And in the series "Transparent Contiguous PTEs for User Mappings" Ryan
Roberts further utilizes arm's pte's contiguous bit ("contpte
mappings"). Kernel build times on arm64 improved nicely. Ryan's series
"Address some contpte nits" provides some followup work.
- In the series "mm/hugetlb: Restore the reservation" Breno Leitao has
fixed an obscure hugetlb race which was causing unnecessary page faults.
He has also added a reproducer under the selftest code.
- In the series "selftests/mm: Output cleanups for the compaction test",
Mark Brown did what the title claims.
- Kinsey Ho has added the series "mm/mglru: code cleanup and refactoring".
- Even more zswap material from Nhat Pham. The series "fix and extend
zswap kselftests" does as claimed.
- In the series "Introduce cpu_dcache_is_aliasing() to fix DAX
regression" Mathieu Desnoyers has cleaned up and fixed rather a mess in
our handling of DAX on archiecctures which have virtually aliasing data
caches. The arm architecture is the main beneficiary.
- Lokesh Gidra's series "per-vma locks in userfaultfd" provides dramatic
improvements in worst-case mmap_lock hold times during certain
userfaultfd operations.
- Some page_owner enhancements and maintenance work from Oscar Salvador
in his series
"page_owner: print stacks and their outstanding allocations"
"page_owner: Fixup and cleanup"
- Uladzislau Rezki has contributed some vmalloc scalability improvements
in his series "Mitigate a vmap lock contention". It realizes a 12x
improvement for a certain microbenchmark.
- Some kexec/crash cleanup work from Baoquan He in the series "Split
crash out from kexec and clean up related config items".
- Some zsmalloc maintenance work from Chengming Zhou in the series
"mm/zsmalloc: fix and optimize objects/page migration"
"mm/zsmalloc: some cleanup for get/set_zspage_mapping()"
- Zi Yan has taught the MM to perform compaction on folios larger than
order=0. This a step along the path to implementaton of the merging of
large anonymous folios. The series is named "Enable >0 order folio
memory compaction".
- Christoph Hellwig has done quite a lot of cleanup work in the
pagecache writeback code in his series "convert write_cache_pages() to
an iterator".
- Some modest hugetlb cleanups and speedups in Vishal Moola's series
"Handle hugetlb faults under the VMA lock".
- Zi Yan has changed the page splitting code so we can split huge pages
into sizes other than order-0 to better utilize large folios. The
series is named "Split a folio to any lower order folios".
- David Hildenbrand has contributed the series "mm: remove
total_mapcount()", a cleanup.
- Matthew Wilcox has sought to improve the performance of bulk memory
freeing in his series "Rearrange batched folio freeing".
- Gang Li's series "hugetlb: parallelize hugetlb page init on boot"
provides large improvements in bootup times on large machines which are
configured to use large numbers of hugetlb pages.
- Matthew Wilcox's series "PageFlags cleanups" does that.
- Qi Zheng's series "minor fixes and supplement for ptdesc" does that
also. S390 is affected.
- Cleanups to our pagemap utility functions from Peter Xu in his series
"mm/treewide: Replace pXd_large() with pXd_leaf()".
- Nico Pache has fixed a few things with our hugepage selftests in his
series "selftests/mm: Improve Hugepage Test Handling in MM Selftests".
- Also, of course, many singleton patches to many things. Please see
the individual changelogs for details.
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Merge tag 'mm-stable-2024-03-13-20-04' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- Sumanth Korikkar has taught s390 to allocate hotplug-time page frames
from hotplugged memory rather than only from main memory. Series
"implement "memmap on memory" feature on s390".
- More folio conversions from Matthew Wilcox in the series
"Convert memcontrol charge moving to use folios"
"mm: convert mm counter to take a folio"
- Chengming Zhou has optimized zswap's rbtree locking, providing
significant reductions in system time and modest but measurable
reductions in overall runtimes. The series is "mm/zswap: optimize the
scalability of zswap rb-tree".
- Chengming Zhou has also provided the series "mm/zswap: optimize zswap
lru list" which provides measurable runtime benefits in some
swap-intensive situations.
- And Chengming Zhou further optimizes zswap in the series "mm/zswap:
optimize for dynamic zswap_pools". Measured improvements are modest.
- zswap cleanups and simplifications from Yosry Ahmed in the series
"mm: zswap: simplify zswap_swapoff()".
- In the series "Add DAX ABI for memmap_on_memory", Vishal Verma has
contributed several DAX cleanups as well as adding a sysfs tunable to
control the memmap_on_memory setting when the dax device is
hotplugged as system memory.
- Johannes Weiner has added the large series "mm: zswap: cleanups",
which does that.
- More DAMON work from SeongJae Park in the series
"mm/damon: make DAMON debugfs interface deprecation unignorable"
"selftests/damon: add more tests for core functionalities and corner cases"
"Docs/mm/damon: misc readability improvements"
"mm/damon: let DAMOS feeds and tame/auto-tune itself"
- In the series "mm/mempolicy: weighted interleave mempolicy and sysfs
extension" Rakie Kim has developed a new mempolicy interleaving
policy wherein we allocate memory across nodes in a weighted fashion
rather than uniformly. This is beneficial in heterogeneous memory
environments appearing with CXL.
- Christophe Leroy has contributed some cleanup and consolidation work
against the ARM pagetable dumping code in the series "mm: ptdump:
Refactor CONFIG_DEBUG_WX and check_wx_pages debugfs attribute".
- Luis Chamberlain has added some additional xarray selftesting in the
series "test_xarray: advanced API multi-index tests".
- Muhammad Usama Anjum has reworked the selftest code to make its
human-readable output conform to the TAP ("Test Anything Protocol")
format. Amongst other things, this opens up the use of third-party
tools to parse and process out selftesting results.
- Ryan Roberts has added fork()-time PTE batching of THP ptes in the
series "mm/memory: optimize fork() with PTE-mapped THP". Mainly
targeted at arm64, this significantly speeds up fork() when the
process has a large number of pte-mapped folios.
- David Hildenbrand also gets in on the THP pte batching game in his
series "mm/memory: optimize unmap/zap with PTE-mapped THP". It
implements batching during munmap() and other pte teardown
situations. The microbenchmark improvements are nice.
- And in the series "Transparent Contiguous PTEs for User Mappings"
Ryan Roberts further utilizes arm's pte's contiguous bit ("contpte
mappings"). Kernel build times on arm64 improved nicely. Ryan's
series "Address some contpte nits" provides some followup work.
- In the series "mm/hugetlb: Restore the reservation" Breno Leitao has
fixed an obscure hugetlb race which was causing unnecessary page
faults. He has also added a reproducer under the selftest code.
- In the series "selftests/mm: Output cleanups for the compaction
test", Mark Brown did what the title claims.
- Kinsey Ho has added the series "mm/mglru: code cleanup and
refactoring".
- Even more zswap material from Nhat Pham. The series "fix and extend
zswap kselftests" does as claimed.
- In the series "Introduce cpu_dcache_is_aliasing() to fix DAX
regression" Mathieu Desnoyers has cleaned up and fixed rather a mess
in our handling of DAX on archiecctures which have virtually aliasing
data caches. The arm architecture is the main beneficiary.
- Lokesh Gidra's series "per-vma locks in userfaultfd" provides
dramatic improvements in worst-case mmap_lock hold times during
certain userfaultfd operations.
- Some page_owner enhancements and maintenance work from Oscar Salvador
in his series
"page_owner: print stacks and their outstanding allocations"
"page_owner: Fixup and cleanup"
- Uladzislau Rezki has contributed some vmalloc scalability
improvements in his series "Mitigate a vmap lock contention". It
realizes a 12x improvement for a certain microbenchmark.
- Some kexec/crash cleanup work from Baoquan He in the series "Split
crash out from kexec and clean up related config items".
- Some zsmalloc maintenance work from Chengming Zhou in the series
"mm/zsmalloc: fix and optimize objects/page migration"
"mm/zsmalloc: some cleanup for get/set_zspage_mapping()"
- Zi Yan has taught the MM to perform compaction on folios larger than
order=0. This a step along the path to implementaton of the merging
of large anonymous folios. The series is named "Enable >0 order folio
memory compaction".
- Christoph Hellwig has done quite a lot of cleanup work in the
pagecache writeback code in his series "convert write_cache_pages()
to an iterator".
- Some modest hugetlb cleanups and speedups in Vishal Moola's series
"Handle hugetlb faults under the VMA lock".
- Zi Yan has changed the page splitting code so we can split huge pages
into sizes other than order-0 to better utilize large folios. The
series is named "Split a folio to any lower order folios".
- David Hildenbrand has contributed the series "mm: remove
total_mapcount()", a cleanup.
- Matthew Wilcox has sought to improve the performance of bulk memory
freeing in his series "Rearrange batched folio freeing".
- Gang Li's series "hugetlb: parallelize hugetlb page init on boot"
provides large improvements in bootup times on large machines which
are configured to use large numbers of hugetlb pages.
- Matthew Wilcox's series "PageFlags cleanups" does that.
- Qi Zheng's series "minor fixes and supplement for ptdesc" does that
also. S390 is affected.
- Cleanups to our pagemap utility functions from Peter Xu in his series
"mm/treewide: Replace pXd_large() with pXd_leaf()".
- Nico Pache has fixed a few things with our hugepage selftests in his
series "selftests/mm: Improve Hugepage Test Handling in MM
Selftests".
- Also, of course, many singleton patches to many things. Please see
the individual changelogs for details.
* tag 'mm-stable-2024-03-13-20-04' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (435 commits)
mm/zswap: remove the memcpy if acomp is not sleepable
crypto: introduce: acomp_is_async to expose if comp drivers might sleep
memtest: use {READ,WRITE}_ONCE in memory scanning
mm: prohibit the last subpage from reusing the entire large folio
mm: recover pud_leaf() definitions in nopmd case
selftests/mm: skip the hugetlb-madvise tests on unmet hugepage requirements
selftests/mm: skip uffd hugetlb tests with insufficient hugepages
selftests/mm: dont fail testsuite due to a lack of hugepages
mm/huge_memory: skip invalid debugfs new_order input for folio split
mm/huge_memory: check new folio order when split a folio
mm, vmscan: retry kswapd's priority loop with cache_trim_mode off on failure
mm: add an explicit smp_wmb() to UFFDIO_CONTINUE
mm: fix list corruption in put_pages_list
mm: remove folio from deferred split list before uncharging it
filemap: avoid unnecessary major faults in filemap_fault()
mm,page_owner: drop unnecessary check
mm,page_owner: check for null stack_record before bumping its refcount
mm: swap: fix race between free_swap_and_cache() and swapoff()
mm/treewide: align up pXd_leaf() retval across archs
mm/treewide: drop pXd_large()
...
The synchronization here is to ensure the ordering of freeing of a module
init so that it happens before W+X checking. It is worth noting it is not
that the freeing was not happening, it is just that our sanity checkers
raced against the permission checkers which assume init memory is already
gone.
Commit 1a7b7d9220 ("modules: Use vmalloc special flag") moved calling
do_free_init() into a global workqueue instead of relying on it being
called through call_rcu(..., do_free_init), which used to allowed us call
do_free_init() asynchronously after the end of a subsequent grace period.
The move to a global workqueue broke the gaurantees for code which needed
to be sure the do_free_init() would complete with rcu_barrier(). To fix
this callers which used to rely on rcu_barrier() must now instead use
flush_work(&init_free_wq).
Without this fix, we still could encounter false positive reports in W+X
checking since the rcu_barrier() here can not ensure the ordering now.
Even worse, the rcu_barrier() can introduce significant delay. Eric
Chanudet reported that the rcu_barrier introduces ~0.1s delay on a
PREEMPT_RT kernel.
[ 0.291444] Freeing unused kernel memory: 5568K
[ 0.402442] Run /sbin/init as init process
With this fix, the above delay can be eliminated.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240227023546.2490667-1-changbin.du@huawei.com
Fixes: 1a7b7d9220 ("modules: Use vmalloc special flag")
Signed-off-by: Changbin Du <changbin.du@huawei.com>
Tested-by: Eric Chanudet <echanude@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Cc: Xiaoyi Su <suxiaoyi@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
set_memory_ro(), set_memory_nx(), set_memory_x() and other helpers
can fail and return an error. In that case the memory might not be
protected as expected and the module loading has to be aborted to
avoid security issues.
Check return value of all calls to set_memory_XX() and handle
error if any.
Add a check to not call set_memory_XX() on NULL pointers as some
architectures may not like it allthough numpages is always 0 in that
case. This also avoid a useless call to set_vm_flush_reset_perms().
Link: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/7
Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Tested-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
It's a bit puzzling to see a call to module_enable_nx() followed by a
call to module_enable_x(). This is because one applies on text while
the other applies on data.
Change name to make that more clear.
Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
A couple of architectures seem concerned about calling set_memory_ro()
and set_memory_x() too frequently and have implemented a version of
set_memory_rox(), see commit 60463628c9 ("x86/mm: Implement native
set_memory_rox()") and commit 22e99fa564 ("s390/mm: implement
set_memory_rox()")
Use set_memory_rox() in modules when STRICT_MODULES_RWX is set.
Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Add KUNIT_INIT_TABLE to the INIT_DATA linker section.
Alter the KUnit macros to create init tests:
kunit_test_init_section_suites
Update lib/kunit/executor.c to run both the suites in KUNIT_TABLE and
KUNIT_INIT_TABLE.
Reviewed-by: David Gow <davidgow@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Rae Moar <rmoar@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
module_init_layout_section() choses whether the core module loader
considers a section as init or not. This affects the placement of the
exit section when module unloading is disabled. This code will never run,
so it can be free()d once the module has been initialised.
arm and arm64 need to count the number of PLTs they need before applying
relocations based on the section name. The init PLTs are stored separately
so they can be free()d. arm and arm64 both use within_module_init() to
decide which list of PLTs to use when applying the relocation.
Because within_module_init()'s behaviour changes when module unloading
is disabled, both architecture would need to take this into account when
counting the PLTs.
Today neither architecture does this, meaning when module unloading is
disabled there are insufficient PLTs in the init section to load some
modules, resulting in warnings:
| WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 51 at arch/arm64/kernel/module-plts.c:99 module_emit_plt_entry+0x184/0x1cc
| Modules linked in: crct10dif_common
| CPU: 2 PID: 51 Comm: modprobe Not tainted 6.5.0-rc4-yocto-standard-dirty #15208
| Hardware name: QEMU KVM Virtual Machine, BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015
| pstate: 20400005 (nzCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
| pc : module_emit_plt_entry+0x184/0x1cc
| lr : module_emit_plt_entry+0x94/0x1cc
| sp : ffffffc0803bba60
[...]
| Call trace:
| module_emit_plt_entry+0x184/0x1cc
| apply_relocate_add+0x2bc/0x8e4
| load_module+0xe34/0x1bd4
| init_module_from_file+0x84/0xc0
| __arm64_sys_finit_module+0x1b8/0x27c
| invoke_syscall.constprop.0+0x5c/0x104
| do_el0_svc+0x58/0x160
| el0_svc+0x38/0x110
| el0t_64_sync_handler+0xc0/0xc4
| el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x194
Instead of duplicating module_init_layout_section()s logic, expose it.
Reported-by: Adam Johnston <adam.johnston@arm.com>
Fixes: 055f23b74b ("module: check for exit sections in layout_sections() instead of module_init_section()")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
It has recently come to my attention that nvidia is circumventing the
protection added in 262e6ae708 ("modules: inherit
TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE") by importing exports from their proprietary
modules into an allegedly GPL licensed module and then rexporting them.
Given that symbol_get was only ever intended for tightly cooperating
modules using very internal symbols it is logical to restrict it to
being used on EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL and prevent nvidia from costly DMCA
Circumvention of Access Controls law suites.
All symbols except for four used through symbol_get were already exported
as EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL, and the remaining four ones were switched over in
the preparation patches.
Fixes: 262e6ae708 ("modules: inherit TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE")
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Vegard Nossum pointed out two different problems with the error handling
in init_module_from_file():
(a) the idempotent loading code didn't clean up properly in some error
cases, leaving the on-stack 'struct idempotent' element still in
the hash table
(b) failure to read the module file would nonsensically update the
'invalid_kread_bytes' stat counter with the error value
The first error is quite nasty, in that it can then cause subsequent
idempotent loads of that same file to access stale stack contents of the
previous failure. The case may not happen in any normal situation
(explaining all the "Tested-by's on the original change), and requires
admin privileges, but syzkaller triggers random bad behavior as a
result:
BUG: soft lockup in sys_finit_module
BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request in init_module_from_file
general protection fault in init_module_from_file
INFO: task hung in init_module_from_file
KASAN: out-of-bounds Read in init_module_from_file
KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds Read in init_module_from_file
...
The second error is fairly benign and just leads to nonsensical stats
(and has been around since the debug stats were added).
Vegard also provided a patch for the idempotent loading issue, but I'd
rather re-organize the code and make it more legible using another level
of helper functions than add the usual "goto out" error handling.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230704100852.23452-1-vegard.nossum@oracle.com/
Fixes: 9b9879fc03 ("modules: catch concurrent module loads, treat them as idempotent")
Reported-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Reported-by: Harshit Mogalapalli <harshit.m.mogalapalli@oracle.com>
Reported-by: syzbot+9c2bdc9d24e4a7abe741@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The changes queued up for v6.5-rc1 for modules are pretty tame, mostly
code removal of moving of code. Only two minor functional changes are
made, the only one which stands out is Sebastian Andrzej Siewior's
simplification of module reference counting by removing preempt_disable()
and that has been tested on linux-next for well over a month without
no regressions. I'm now, I guess, also a kitchen sink for some kallsyms
changes.
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Merge tag 'v6.5-rc1-modules-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mcgrof/linux
Pull module updates from Luis Chamberlain:
"The changes queued up for modules are pretty tame, mostly code removal
of moving of code.
Only two minor functional changes are made, the only one which stands
out is Sebastian Andrzej Siewior's simplification of module reference
counting by removing preempt_disable() and that has been tested on
linux-next for well over a month without no regressions.
I'm now, I guess, also a kitchen sink for some kallsyms changes"
[ There was a mis-communication about the concurrent module load changes
that I had expected to come through Luis despite me authoring the
patch. So some of the module updates were left hanging in the email
ether, and I just committed them separately.
It's my bad - I should have made it more clear that I expected my
own patches to come through the module tree too. Now they missed
linux-next, but hopefully that won't cause any issues - Linus ]
* tag 'v6.5-rc1-modules-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mcgrof/linux:
kallsyms: make kallsyms_show_value() as generic function
kallsyms: move kallsyms_show_value() out of kallsyms.c
kallsyms: remove unsed API lookup_symbol_attrs
kallsyms: remove unused arch_get_kallsym() helper
module: Remove preempt_disable() from module reference counting.
This is the new-and-improved attempt at avoiding huge memory load spikes
when the user space boot sequence tries to load hundreds (or even
thousands) of redundant duplicate modules in parallel.
See commit 9828ed3f69 ("module: error out early on concurrent load of
the same module file") for background and an earlier failed attempt that
was reverted.
That earlier attempt just said "concurrently loading the same module is
silly, just open the module file exclusively and return -ETXTBSY if
somebody else is already loading it".
While it is true that concurrent module loads of the same module is
silly, the reason that earlier attempt then failed was that the
concurrently loaded module would often be a prerequisite for another
module.
Thus failing to load the prerequisite would then cause cascading
failures of the other modules, rather than just short-circuiting that
one unnecessary module load.
At the same time, we still really don't want to load the contents of the
same module file hundreds of times, only to then wait for an eventually
successful load, and have everybody else return -EEXIST.
As a result, this takes another approach, and treats concurrent module
loads from the same file as "idempotent" in the inode. So if one module
load is ongoing, we don't start a new one, but instead just wait for the
first one to complete and return the same return value as it did.
So unlike the first attempt, this does not return early: the intent is
not to speed up the boot, but to avoid a thundering herd problem in
allocating memory (both physical and virtual) for a module more than
once.
Also note that this does change behavior: it used to be that when you
had concurrent loads, you'd have one "winner" that would return success,
and everybody else would return -EEXIST.
In contrast, this idempotent logic goes all Oprah on the problem, and
says "You are a winner! And you are a winner! We are ALL winners". But
since there's no possible actual real semantic difference between "you
loaded the module" and "somebody else already loaded the module", this
is more of a feel-good change than an actual honest-to-goodness semantic
change.
Of course, any true Johnny-come-latelies that don't get caught in the
concurrency filter will still return -EEXIST. It's no different from
not even getting a seat at an Oprah taping. That's life.
See the long thread on the kernel mailing list about this all, which
includes some numbers for memory use before and after the patch.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230524213620.3509138-1-mcgrof@kernel.org/
Reviewed-by: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Tested-by: Rudi Heitbaum <rudi@heitbaum..com>
Tested-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This will simplify the next step, where we can then key off the inode to
do one idempotent module load.
Let's do the obvious re-organization in one step, and then the new code
in another.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The preempt_disable() section in module_put() was added in commit
e1783a240f ("module: Use this_cpu_xx to dynamically allocate counters")
while the per-CPU counter were switched to another API. The API requires
that during the RMW operation the CPU remained the same.
This counting API was later replaced with atomic_t in commit
2f35c41f58 ("module: Replace module_ref with atomic_t refcnt")
Since this atomic_t replacement there is no need to keep preemption
disabled while the reference counter is modified.
Remove preempt_disable() from module_put(), __module_get() and
try_module_get().
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
The finit_module() system call can create unnecessary virtual memory
pressure for duplicate modules. This is because load_module() can in
the worse case allocate more than twice the size of a module in virtual
memory. This saves at least a full size of the module in wasted vmalloc
space memory by trying to avoid duplicates as soon as we can validate
the module name in the read module structure.
This can only be an issue if a system is getting hammered with userspace
loading modules. There are two ways to load modules typically on systems,
one is the kernel moduile auto-loading (*request_module*() calls in-kernel)
and the other is things like udev. The auto-loading is in-kernel, but that
pings back to userspace to just call modprobe. We already have a way to
restrict the amount of concurrent kernel auto-loads in a given time, however
that still allows multiple requests for the same module to go through
and force two threads in userspace racing to call modprobe for the same
exact module. Even though libkmod which both modprobe and udev does check
if a module is already loaded prior calling finit_module() races are
still possible and this is clearly evident today when you have multiple
CPUs.
To avoid memory pressure for such stupid cases put a stop gap for them.
The *earliest* we can detect duplicates from the modules side of things
is once we have blessed the module name, sadly after the first vmalloc
allocation. We can check for the module being present *before* a secondary
vmalloc() allocation.
There is a linear relationship between wasted virtual memory bytes and
the number of CPU counts. The reason is that udev ends up racing to call
tons of the same modules for each of the CPUs.
We can see the different linear relationships between wasted virtual
memory and CPU count during after boot in the following graph:
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
14GB |-+ + + + + *+ +-|
| **** |
| *** |
| ** |
12GB |-+ ** +-|
| ** |
| ** |
| ** |
| ** |
10GB |-+ ** +-|
| ** |
| ** |
| ** |
8GB |-+ ** +-|
waste | ** ### |
| ** #### |
| ** ####### |
6GB |-+ **** #### +-|
| * #### |
| * #### |
| ***** #### |
4GB |-+ ** #### +-|
| ** #### |
| ** #### |
| ** #### |
2GB |-+ ** ##### +-|
| * #### |
| * #### Before ******* |
| **## + + + + After ####### |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
CPUs count
On the y-axis we can see gigabytes of wasted virtual memory during boot
due to duplicate module requests which just end up failing. Trying to
infer the slope this ends up being about ~463 MiB per CPU lost prior
to this patch. After this patch we only loose about ~230 MiB per CPU, for
a total savings of about ~233 MiB per CPU. This is all *just on bootup*!
On a 8vcpu 8 GiB RAM system using kdevops and testing against selftests
kmod.sh -t 0008 I see a saving in the *highest* side of memory
consumption of up to ~ 84 MiB with the Linux kernel selftests kmod
test 0008. With the new stress-ng module test I see a 145 MiB difference
in max memory consumption with 100 ops. The stress-ng module ops tests can be
pretty pathalogical -- it is not realistic, however it was used to
finally successfully reproduce issues which are only reported to happen on
system with over 400 CPUs [0] by just usign 100 ops on a 8vcpu 8 GiB RAM
system. Running out of virtual memory space is no surprise given the
above graph, since at least on x86_64 we're capped at 128 MiB, eventually
we'd hit a series of errors and once can use the above graph to
guestimate when. This of course will vary depending on the features
you have enabled. So for instance, enabling KASAN seems to make this
much worse.
The results with kmod and stress-ng can be observed and visualized below.
The time it takes to run the test is also not affected.
The kmod tests 0008:
The gnuplot is set to a range from 400000 KiB (390 Mib) - 580000 (566 Mib)
given the tests peak around that range.
cat kmod.plot
set term dumb
set output fileout
set yrange [400000:580000]
plot filein with linespoints title "Memory usage (KiB)"
Before:
root@kmod ~ # /data/linux-next/tools/testing/selftests/kmod/kmod.sh -t 0008
root@kmod ~ # free -k -s 1 -c 40 | grep Mem | awk '{print $3}' > log-0008-before.txt ^C
root@kmod ~ # sort -n -r log-0008-before.txt | head -1
528732
So ~516.33 MiB
After:
root@kmod ~ # /data/linux-next/tools/testing/selftests/kmod/kmod.sh -t 0008
root@kmod ~ # free -k -s 1 -c 40 | grep Mem | awk '{print $3}' > log-0008-after.txt ^C
root@kmod ~ # sort -n -r log-0008-after.txt | head -1
442516
So ~432.14 MiB
That's about 84 ~MiB in savings in the worst case. The graphs:
root@kmod ~ # gnuplot -e "filein='log-0008-before.txt'; fileout='graph-0008-before.txt'" kmod.plot
root@kmod ~ # gnuplot -e "filein='log-0008-after.txt'; fileout='graph-0008-after.txt'" kmod.plot
root@kmod ~ # cat graph-0008-before.txt
580000 +-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| + + + + + + + |
560000 |-+ Memory usage (KiB) ***A***-|
| |
540000 |-+ +-|
| |
| *A *AA*AA*A*AA *A*AA A*A*A *AA*A*AA*A A |
520000 |-+A*A*AA *AA*A *A*AA*A*AA *A*A A *A+-|
|*A |
500000 |-+ +-|
| |
480000 |-+ +-|
| |
460000 |-+ +-|
| |
| |
440000 |-+ +-|
| |
420000 |-+ +-|
| + + + + + + + |
400000 +-----------------------------------------------------------------+
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
root@kmod ~ # cat graph-0008-after.txt
580000 +-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| + + + + + + + |
560000 |-+ Memory usage (KiB) ***A***-|
| |
540000 |-+ +-|
| |
| |
520000 |-+ +-|
| |
500000 |-+ +-|
| |
480000 |-+ +-|
| |
460000 |-+ +-|
| |
| *A *A*A |
440000 |-+A*A*AA*A A A*A*AA A*A*AA*A*AA*A*AA*A*AA*AA*A*AA*A*AA-|
|*A *A*AA*A |
420000 |-+ +-|
| + + + + + + + |
400000 +-----------------------------------------------------------------+
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
The stress-ng module tests:
This is used to run the test to try to reproduce the vmap issues
reported by David:
echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/oom_dump_tasks
./stress-ng --module 100 --module-name xfs
Prior to this commit:
root@kmod ~ # free -k -s 1 -c 40 | grep Mem | awk '{print $3}' > baseline-stress-ng.txt
root@kmod ~ # sort -n -r baseline-stress-ng.txt | head -1
5046456
After this commit:
root@kmod ~ # free -k -s 1 -c 40 | grep Mem | awk '{print $3}' > after-stress-ng.txt
root@kmod ~ # sort -n -r after-stress-ng.txt | head -1
4896972
5046456 - 4896972
149484
149484/1024
145.98046875000000000000
So this commit using stress-ng reveals saving about 145 MiB in memory
using 100 ops from stress-ng which reproduced the vmap issue reported.
cat kmod.plot
set term dumb
set output fileout
set yrange [4700000:5070000]
plot filein with linespoints title "Memory usage (KiB)"
root@kmod ~ # gnuplot -e "filein='baseline-stress-ng.txt'; fileout='graph-stress-ng-before.txt'" kmod-simple-stress-ng.plot
root@kmod ~ # gnuplot -e "filein='after-stress-ng.txt'; fileout='graph-stress-ng-after.txt'" kmod-simple-stress-ng.plot
root@kmod ~ # cat graph-stress-ng-before.txt
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
5.05e+06 |-+ + A + + + + + + +-|
| * Memory usage (KiB) ***A*** |
| * A |
5e+06 |-+ ** ** +-|
| ** * * A |
4.95e+06 |-+ * * A * A* +-|
| * * A A * * * * A |
| * * * * * * *A * * * A * |
4.9e+06 |-+ * * * A*A * A*AA*A A *A **A **A*A *+-|
| A A*A A * A * * A A * A * ** |
| * ** ** * * * * * * * |
4.85e+06 |-+ A A A ** * * ** *-|
| * * * * ** * |
| * A * * * * |
4.8e+06 |-+ * * * A A-|
| * * * |
4.75e+06 |-+ * * * +-|
| * ** |
| * + + + + + + ** + |
4.7e+06 +---------------------------------------------------------------+
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
root@kmod ~ # cat graph-stress-ng-after.txt
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
5.05e+06 |-+ + + + + + + + +-|
| Memory usage (KiB) ***A*** |
| |
5e+06 |-+ +-|
| |
4.95e+06 |-+ +-|
| |
| |
4.9e+06 |-+ *AA +-|
| A*AA*A*A A A*AA*AA*A*AA*A A A A*A *AA*A*A A A*AA*AA |
| * * ** * * * ** * *** * |
4.85e+06 |-+* *** * * * * *** A * * +-|
| * A * * ** * * A * * |
| * * * * ** * * |
4.8e+06 |-+* * * A * * * +-|
| * * * A * * |
4.75e+06 |-* * * * * +-|
| * * * * * |
| * + * *+ + + + + * *+ |
4.7e+06 +---------------------------------------------------------------+
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
[0] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221013180518.217405-1-david@redhat.com
Reported-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Loading modules with finit_module() can end up using vmalloc(), vmap()
and vmalloc() again, for a total of up to 3 separate allocations in the
worst case for a single module. We always kernel_read*() the module,
that's a vmalloc(). Then vmap() is used for the module decompression,
and if so the last read buffer is freed as we use the now decompressed
module buffer to stuff data into our copy module. The last allocation is
specific to each architectures but pretty much that's generally a series
of vmalloc() calls or a variation of vmalloc to handle ELF sections with
special permissions.
Evaluation with new stress-ng module support [1] with just 100 ops
is proving that you can end up using GiBs of data easily even with all
care we have in the kernel and userspace today in trying to not load modules
which are already loaded. 100 ops seems to resemble the sort of pressure a
system with about 400 CPUs can create on module loading. Although issues
relating to duplicate module requests due to each CPU inucurring a new
module reuest is silly and some of these are being fixed, we currently lack
proper tooling to help diagnose easily what happened, when it happened
and who likely is to blame -- userspace or kernel module autoloading.
Provide an initial set of stats which use debugfs to let us easily scrape
post-boot information about failed loads. This sort of information can
be used on production worklaods to try to optimize *avoiding* redundant
memory pressure using finit_module().
There's a few examples that can be provided:
A 255 vCPU system without the next patch in this series applied:
Startup finished in 19.143s (kernel) + 7.078s (userspace) = 26.221s
graphical.target reached after 6.988s in userspace
And 13.58 GiB of virtual memory space lost due to failed module loading:
root@big ~ # cat /sys/kernel/debug/modules/stats
Mods ever loaded 67
Mods failed on kread 0
Mods failed on decompress 0
Mods failed on becoming 0
Mods failed on load 1411
Total module size 11464704
Total mod text size 4194304
Failed kread bytes 0
Failed decompress bytes 0
Failed becoming bytes 0
Failed kmod bytes 14588526272
Virtual mem wasted bytes 14588526272
Average mod size 171115
Average mod text size 62602
Average fail load bytes 10339140
Duplicate failed modules:
module-name How-many-times Reason
kvm_intel 249 Load
kvm 249 Load
irqbypass 8 Load
crct10dif_pclmul 128 Load
ghash_clmulni_intel 27 Load
sha512_ssse3 50 Load
sha512_generic 200 Load
aesni_intel 249 Load
crypto_simd 41 Load
cryptd 131 Load
evdev 2 Load
serio_raw 1 Load
virtio_pci 3 Load
nvme 3 Load
nvme_core 3 Load
virtio_pci_legacy_dev 3 Load
virtio_pci_modern_dev 3 Load
t10_pi 3 Load
virtio 3 Load
crc32_pclmul 6 Load
crc64_rocksoft 3 Load
crc32c_intel 40 Load
virtio_ring 3 Load
crc64 3 Load
The following screen shot, of a simple 8vcpu 8 GiB KVM guest with the
next patch in this series applied, shows 226.53 MiB are wasted in virtual
memory allocations which due to duplicate module requests during boot.
It also shows an average module memory size of 167.10 KiB and an an
average module .text + .init.text size of 61.13 KiB. The end shows all
modules which were detected as duplicate requests and whether or not
they failed early after just the first kernel_read*() call or late after
we've already allocated the private space for the module in
layout_and_allocate(). A system with module decompression would reveal
more wasted virtual memory space.
We should put effort now into identifying the source of these duplicate
module requests and trimming these down as much possible. Larger systems
will obviously show much more wasted virtual memory allocations.
root@kmod ~ # cat /sys/kernel/debug/modules/stats
Mods ever loaded 67
Mods failed on kread 0
Mods failed on decompress 0
Mods failed on becoming 83
Mods failed on load 16
Total module size 11464704
Total mod text size 4194304
Failed kread bytes 0
Failed decompress bytes 0
Failed becoming bytes 228959096
Failed kmod bytes 8578080
Virtual mem wasted bytes 237537176
Average mod size 171115
Average mod text size 62602
Avg fail becoming bytes 2758544
Average fail load bytes 536130
Duplicate failed modules:
module-name How-many-times Reason
kvm_intel 7 Becoming
kvm 7 Becoming
irqbypass 6 Becoming & Load
crct10dif_pclmul 7 Becoming & Load
ghash_clmulni_intel 7 Becoming & Load
sha512_ssse3 6 Becoming & Load
sha512_generic 7 Becoming & Load
aesni_intel 7 Becoming
crypto_simd 7 Becoming & Load
cryptd 3 Becoming & Load
evdev 1 Becoming
serio_raw 1 Becoming
nvme 3 Becoming
nvme_core 3 Becoming
t10_pi 3 Becoming
virtio_pci 3 Becoming
crc32_pclmul 6 Becoming & Load
crc64_rocksoft 3 Becoming
crc32c_intel 3 Becoming
virtio_pci_modern_dev 2 Becoming
virtio_pci_legacy_dev 1 Becoming
crc64 2 Becoming
virtio 2 Becoming
virtio_ring 2 Becoming
[0] https://github.com/ColinIanKing/stress-ng.git
[1] echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/oom_dump_tasks
./stress-ng --module 100 --module-name xfs
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
The patient module check inside add_unformed_module() is large
enough as we need it. It is a bit hard to read too, so just
move it to a helper and do the inverse checks first to help
shift the code and make it easier to read. The new helper then
is module_patient_check_exists().
To make this work we need to mvoe the finished_loading() up,
we do that without making any functional changes to that routine.
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Commit ac3b432839 ("module: replace module_layout with module_memory")
reworked the way to handle memory allocations to make it clearer. But it
lost in translation how we handled kmemleak_ignore() or kmemleak_not_leak()
for different ELF sections.
Fix this and clarify the comments a bit more. Contrary to the old way
of using kmemleak_ignore() for init.* ELF sections we stick now only to
kmemleak_not_leak() as per suggestion by Catalin Marinas so to avoid
any false positives and simplify the code.
Fixes: ac3b432839 ("module: replace module_layout with module_memory")
Reported-by: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Suggested-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
already_uses() is unnecessarily chatty.
`modprobe i915` yields 491 messages like:
[ 64.108744] i915 uses drm!
This is a normal situation, and isn't worth all the log entries.
NOTE: I've preserved the "does not use %s" messages, which happens
less often, but does happen. Its not clear to me what it tells a
reader, or what info might improve the pr_debug's utility.
[ 6847.584999] main:already_uses:569: amdgpu does not use ttm!
[ 6847.585001] main:add_module_usage:584: Allocating new usage for amdgpu.
[ 6847.585014] main:already_uses:569: amdgpu does not use drm!
[ 6847.585016] main:add_module_usage:584: Allocating new usage for amdgpu.
[ 6847.585024] main:already_uses:569: amdgpu does not use drm_display_helper!
[ 6847.585025] main:add_module_usage:584: Allocating new usage for amdgpu.
[ 6847.585084] main:already_uses:569: amdgpu does not use drm_kms_helper!
[ 6847.585086] main:add_module_usage:584: Allocating new usage for amdgpu.
[ 6847.585175] main:already_uses:569: amdgpu does not use drm_buddy!
[ 6847.585176] main:add_module_usage:584: Allocating new usage for amdgpu.
[ 6847.585202] main:already_uses:569: amdgpu does not use i2c_algo_bit!
[ 6847.585204] main:add_module_usage:584: Allocating new usage for amdgpu.
[ 6847.585249] main:already_uses:569: amdgpu does not use gpu_sched!
[ 6847.585250] main:add_module_usage:584: Allocating new usage for amdgpu.
[ 6847.585314] main:already_uses:569: amdgpu does not use video!
[ 6847.585315] main:add_module_usage:584: Allocating new usage for amdgpu.
[ 6847.585409] main:already_uses:569: amdgpu does not use iommu_v2!
[ 6847.585410] main:add_module_usage:584: Allocating new usage for amdgpu.
[ 6847.585816] main:already_uses:569: amdgpu does not use drm_ttm_helper!
[ 6847.585818] main:add_module_usage:584: Allocating new usage for amdgpu.
[ 6848.762268] dyndbg: add-module: amdgpu.2533 sites
no functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
move_module() pr_debug's "Final section addresses for $modname".
Add section addresses to the message, for anyone looking at these.
no functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
The pr_debug("Absolute symbol" ..) reports value, (which is usually
0), but not the name, which is more informative. So add it.
no functional changes
Signed-off-by: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
layout_sections() and move_module() each issue ~50 messages for each
module loaded. Add mod-name into their 2 header lines, to help the
reader find his module.
no functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Linus Torvalds
Suren Baghdasaryan
Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)
Al Viro
Matthew Maurer
Alan Maguire
Changbin Du
Christophe Leroy
Rae Moar
James Morse
Christoph Hellwig
Song Liu
Sebastian Andrzej Siewior
Luis Chamberlain
Jim Cromie