Merge misc updates from Andrew Morton:
"191 patches.
Subsystems affected by this patch series: kthread, ia64, scripts,
ntfs, squashfs, ocfs2, kernel/watchdog, and mm (gup, pagealloc, slab,
slub, kmemleak, dax, debug, pagecache, gup, swap, memcg, pagemap,
mprotect, bootmem, dma, tracing, vmalloc, kasan, initialization,
pagealloc, and memory-failure)"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (191 commits)
mm,hwpoison: make get_hwpoison_page() call get_any_page()
mm,hwpoison: send SIGBUS with error virutal address
mm/page_alloc: split pcp->high across all online CPUs for cpuless nodes
mm/page_alloc: allow high-order pages to be stored on the per-cpu lists
mm: replace CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP with CONFIG_FLATMEM
mm: replace CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES with CONFIG_NUMA
docs: remove description of DISCONTIGMEM
arch, mm: remove stale mentions of DISCONIGMEM
mm: remove CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
m68k: remove support for DISCONTIGMEM
arc: remove support for DISCONTIGMEM
arc: update comment about HIGHMEM implementation
alpha: remove DISCONTIGMEM and NUMA
mm/page_alloc: move free_the_page
mm/page_alloc: fix counting of managed_pages
mm/page_alloc: improve memmap_pages dbg msg
mm: drop SECTION_SHIFT in code comments
mm/page_alloc: introduce vm.percpu_pagelist_high_fraction
mm/page_alloc: limit the number of pages on PCP lists when reclaim is active
mm/page_alloc: scale the number of pages that are batch freed
...
- Update ACPICA code in the kernel to upstrea revision 20210604
including the following changes:
* Add defines for the CXL Host Bridge Structureand and add the
CFMWS structure definition to CEDT (Alison Schofield).
* iASL: Finish support for the IVRS ACPI table (Bob Moore).
* iASL: Add support for the SVKL table (Bob Moore).
* iASL: Add full support for RGRT ACPI table (Bob Moore).
* iASL: Add support for the BDAT ACPI table (Bob Moore).
* iASL: add disassembler support for PRMT (Erik Kaneda).
* Fix memory leak caused by _CID repair function (Erik Kaneda).
* Add support for PlatformRtMechanism OpRegion (Erik Kaneda).
* Add PRMT module header to facilitate parsing (Erik Kaneda).
* Add _PLD panel positions (Fabian Wüthrich).
* MADT: add Multiprocessor Wakeup Mailbox Structure and the
SVKL table headers (Kuppuswamy Sathyanarayanan).
* Use ACPI_FALLTHROUGH (Wei Ming Chen).
- Add preliminary support for the Platform Runtime Mechanism (PRM)
to allow the AML interpreter to call PRM functions (Erik Kaneda).
- Address some issues related to the handling of device dependencies
reported by _DEP in the ACPI device enumeration code and clean up
some related pieces of it (Rafael Wysocki).
- Improve the tracking of states of ACPI power resources (Rafael
Wysocki).
- Improve ACPI support for suspend-to-idle on AMD systems (Alex
Deucher, Mario Limonciello, Pratik Vishwakarma).
- Continue the unification and cleanup of message printing in the
ACPI code (Hanjun Guo, Heiner Kallweit).
- Fix possible buffer overrun issue with the description_show()
sysfs attribute method (Krzysztof Wilczyński).
- Improve the acpi_mask_gpe kernel command line parameter handling
and clean up the core ACPI code related to sysfs (Andy Shevchenko,
Baokun Li, Clayton Casciato).
- Postpone bringing devices in the general ACPI PM domain to D0
during resume from system-wide suspend until they are really
needed (Dmitry Torokhov).
- Make the ACPI processor driver fix up C-state latency if not
ordered (Mario Limonciello).
- Add support for identifying devices depening on the given one
that are not its direct descendants with the help of _DEP (Daniel
Scally).
- Extend the checks related to ACPI IRQ overrides on x86 in order to
avoid false-positives (Hui Wang).
- Add battery DPTF participant for Intel SoCs (Sumeet Pawnikar).
- Rearrange the ACPI fan driver and device power management code to
use a common list of device IDs (Rafael Wysocki).
- Fix clang CFI violation in the ACPI BGRT table parsing code and
clean it up (Nathan Chancellor).
- Add GPE-related quirks for some laptops to the EC driver (Chris
Chiu, Zhang Rui).
- Make the ACPI PPTT table parsing code populate the cache-id
value if present in the firmware (James Morse).
- Remove redundant clearing of context->ret.pointer from
acpi_run_osc() (Hans de Goede).
- Add missing acpi_put_table() in acpi_init_fpdt() (Jing Xiangfeng).
- Make ACPI APEI handle ARM Processor Error CPER records like
Memory Error ones to avoid user space task lockups (Xiaofei Tan).
- Stop warning about disabled ACPI in APEI (Jon Hunter).
- Fix fall-through warning for Clang in the SBSHC driver (Gustavo A.
R. Silva).
- Add custom DSDT file as Makefile prerequisite (Richard Fitzgerald).
- Initialize local variable to avoid garbage being returned (Colin
Ian King).
- Simplify assorted pieces of code, address assorted coding style
and documentation issues and comment typos (Baokun Li, Christophe
JAILLET, Clayton Casciato, Liu Shixin, Shaokun Zhang, Wei Yongjun,
Yang Li, Zhen Lei).
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Merge tag 'acpi-5.14-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm
Pull ACPI updates from Rafael Wysocki:
"These update the ACPICA code in the kernel to the 20210604 upstream
revision, add preliminary support for the Platform Runtime Mechanism
(PRM), address issues related to the handling of device dependencies
in the ACPI device eunmeration code, improve the tracking of ACPI
power resource states, improve the ACPI support for suspend-to-idle on
AMD systems, continue the unification of message printing in the ACPI
code, address assorted issues and clean up the code in a number of
places.
Specifics:
- Update ACPICA code in the kernel to upstrea revision 20210604
including the following changes:
- Add defines for the CXL Host Bridge Structureand and add the
CFMWS structure definition to CEDT (Alison Schofield).
- iASL: Finish support for the IVRS ACPI table (Bob Moore).
- iASL: Add support for the SVKL table (Bob Moore).
- iASL: Add full support for RGRT ACPI table (Bob Moore).
- iASL: Add support for the BDAT ACPI table (Bob Moore).
- iASL: add disassembler support for PRMT (Erik Kaneda).
- Fix memory leak caused by _CID repair function (Erik Kaneda).
- Add support for PlatformRtMechanism OpRegion (Erik Kaneda).
- Add PRMT module header to facilitate parsing (Erik Kaneda).
- Add _PLD panel positions (Fabian Wüthrich).
- MADT: add Multiprocessor Wakeup Mailbox Structure and the SVKL
table headers (Kuppuswamy Sathyanarayanan).
- Use ACPI_FALLTHROUGH (Wei Ming Chen).
- Add preliminary support for the Platform Runtime Mechanism (PRM) to
allow the AML interpreter to call PRM functions (Erik Kaneda).
- Address some issues related to the handling of device dependencies
reported by _DEP in the ACPI device enumeration code and clean up
some related pieces of it (Rafael Wysocki).
- Improve the tracking of states of ACPI power resources (Rafael
Wysocki).
- Improve ACPI support for suspend-to-idle on AMD systems (Alex
Deucher, Mario Limonciello, Pratik Vishwakarma).
- Continue the unification and cleanup of message printing in the
ACPI code (Hanjun Guo, Heiner Kallweit).
- Fix possible buffer overrun issue with the description_show() sysfs
attribute method (Krzysztof Wilczyński).
- Improve the acpi_mask_gpe kernel command line parameter handling
and clean up the core ACPI code related to sysfs (Andy Shevchenko,
Baokun Li, Clayton Casciato).
- Postpone bringing devices in the general ACPI PM domain to D0
during resume from system-wide suspend until they are really needed
(Dmitry Torokhov).
- Make the ACPI processor driver fix up C-state latency if not
ordered (Mario Limonciello).
- Add support for identifying devices depening on the given one that
are not its direct descendants with the help of _DEP (Daniel
Scally).
- Extend the checks related to ACPI IRQ overrides on x86 in order to
avoid false-positives (Hui Wang).
- Add battery DPTF participant for Intel SoCs (Sumeet Pawnikar).
- Rearrange the ACPI fan driver and device power management code to
use a common list of device IDs (Rafael Wysocki).
- Fix clang CFI violation in the ACPI BGRT table parsing code and
clean it up (Nathan Chancellor).
- Add GPE-related quirks for some laptops to the EC driver (Chris
Chiu, Zhang Rui).
- Make the ACPI PPTT table parsing code populate the cache-id value
if present in the firmware (James Morse).
- Remove redundant clearing of context->ret.pointer from
acpi_run_osc() (Hans de Goede).
- Add missing acpi_put_table() in acpi_init_fpdt() (Jing Xiangfeng).
- Make ACPI APEI handle ARM Processor Error CPER records like Memory
Error ones to avoid user space task lockups (Xiaofei Tan).
- Stop warning about disabled ACPI in APEI (Jon Hunter).
- Fix fall-through warning for Clang in the SBSHC driver (Gustavo A.
R. Silva).
- Add custom DSDT file as Makefile prerequisite (Richard Fitzgerald).
- Initialize local variable to avoid garbage being returned (Colin
Ian King).
- Simplify assorted pieces of code, address assorted coding style and
documentation issues and comment typos (Baokun Li, Christophe
JAILLET, Clayton Casciato, Liu Shixin, Shaokun Zhang, Wei Yongjun,
Yang Li, Zhen Lei)"
* tag 'acpi-5.14-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: (97 commits)
ACPI: PM: postpone bringing devices to D0 unless we need them
ACPI: tables: Add custom DSDT file as makefile prerequisite
ACPI: bgrt: Use sysfs_emit
ACPI: bgrt: Fix CFI violation
ACPI: EC: trust DSDT GPE for certain HP laptop
ACPI: scan: Simplify acpi_table_events_fn()
ACPI: PM: Adjust behavior for field problems on AMD systems
ACPI: PM: s2idle: Add support for new Microsoft UUID
ACPI: PM: s2idle: Add support for multiple func mask
ACPI: PM: s2idle: Refactor common code
ACPI: PM: s2idle: Use correct revision id
ACPI: sysfs: Remove tailing return statement in void function
ACPI: sysfs: Use __ATTR_RO() and __ATTR_RW() macros
ACPI: sysfs: Sort headers alphabetically
ACPI: sysfs: Refactor param_get_trace_state() to drop dead code
ACPI: sysfs: Unify pattern of memory allocations
ACPI: sysfs: Allow bitmap list to be supplied to acpi_mask_gpe
ACPI: sysfs: Make sparse happy about address space in use
ACPI: scan: Fix race related to dropping dependencies
ACPI: scan: Reorganize acpi_device_add()
...
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Merge tag 'timers-core-2021-06-29' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull timer updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"Time and clocksource/clockevent related updates:
Core changes:
- Infrastructure to support per CPU "broadcast" devices for per CPU
clockevent devices which stop in deep idle states. This allows us
to utilize the more efficient architected timer on certain ARM SoCs
for normal operation instead of permanentely using the slow to
access SoC specific clockevent device.
- Print the name of the broadcast/wakeup device in /proc/timer_list
- Make the clocksource watchdog more robust against delays between
reading the current active clocksource and the watchdog
clocksource. Such delays can be caused by NMIs, SMIs and vCPU
preemption.
Handle this by reading the watchdog clocksource twice, i.e. before
and after reading the current active clocksource. In case that the
two watchdog reads shows an excessive time delta, the read sequence
is repeated up to 3 times.
- Improve the debug output and add a test module for the watchdog
mechanism.
- Reimplementation of the venerable time64_to_tm() function with a
faster and significantly smaller version. Straight from the source,
i.e. the author of the related research paper contributed this!
Driver changes:
- No new drivers, not even new device tree bindings!
- Fixes, improvements and cleanups and all over the place"
* tag 'timers-core-2021-06-29' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (30 commits)
time/kunit: Add missing MODULE_LICENSE()
time: Improve performance of time64_to_tm()
clockevents: Use list_move() instead of list_del()/list_add()
clocksource: Print deviation in nanoseconds when a clocksource becomes unstable
clocksource: Provide kernel module to test clocksource watchdog
clocksource: Reduce clocksource-skew threshold
clocksource: Limit number of CPUs checked for clock synchronization
clocksource: Check per-CPU clock synchronization when marked unstable
clocksource: Retry clock read if long delays detected
clockevents: Add missing parameter documentation
clocksource/drivers/timer-ti-dm: Drop unnecessary restore
clocksource/arm_arch_timer: Improve Allwinner A64 timer workaround
clocksource/drivers/arm_global_timer: Remove duplicated argument in arm_global_timer
clocksource/drivers/arm_global_timer: Make symbol 'gt_clk_rate_change_nb' static
arm: zynq: don't disable CONFIG_ARM_GLOBAL_TIMER due to CONFIG_CPU_FREQ anymore
clocksource/drivers/arm_global_timer: Implement rate compensation whenever source clock changes
clocksource/drivers/ingenic: Rename unreasonable array names
clocksource/drivers/timer-ti-dm: Save and restore timer TIOCP_CFG
clocksource/drivers/mediatek: Ack and disable interrupts on suspend
clocksource/drivers/samsung_pwm: Constify source IO memory
...
The macro PAGE_REPORTING_MIN_ORDER is defined as the page reporting
threshold. It can't be adjusted at runtime.
This introduces a variable (@page_reporting_order) to replace the marcro
(PAGE_REPORTING_MIN_ORDER). MAX_ORDER is assigned to it initially,
meaning the page reporting is disabled. It will be specified by driver if
valid one is provided. Otherwise, it will fall back to @pageblock_order.
It's also exported so that the page reporting order can be adjusted at
runtime.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210625014710.42954-3-gshan@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- Some kernel-doc cleanups. That script is still regex onslaught from
hell, but it has gotten a little better.
- Improvements to the checkpatch docs, which are also used by the tool
itself.
- A major update to the pathname lookup documentation.
- Elimination of :doc: markup, since our automarkup magic can create
references from filenames without all the extra noise.
- The flurry of Chinese translation activity continues.
Plus, of course, the usual collection of updates, typo fixes, and warning
fixes.
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Merge tag 'docs-5.14' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"This was a reasonably active cycle for documentation; this includes:
- Some kernel-doc cleanups. That script is still regex onslaught from
hell, but it has gotten a little better.
- Improvements to the checkpatch docs, which are also used by the
tool itself.
- A major update to the pathname lookup documentation.
- Elimination of :doc: markup, since our automarkup magic can create
references from filenames without all the extra noise.
- The flurry of Chinese translation activity continues.
Plus, of course, the usual collection of updates, typo fixes, and
warning fixes"
* tag 'docs-5.14' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (115 commits)
docs: path-lookup: use bare function() rather than literals
docs: path-lookup: update symlink description
docs: path-lookup: update get_link() ->follow_link description
docs: path-lookup: update WALK_GET, WALK_PUT desc
docs: path-lookup: no get_link()
docs: path-lookup: update i_op->put_link and cookie description
docs: path-lookup: i_op->follow_link replaced with i_op->get_link
docs: path-lookup: Add macro name to symlink limit description
docs: path-lookup: remove filename_mountpoint
docs: path-lookup: update do_last() part
docs: path-lookup: update path_mountpoint() part
docs: path-lookup: update path_to_nameidata() part
docs: path-lookup: update follow_managed() part
docs: Makefile: Use CONFIG_SHELL not SHELL
docs: Take a little noise out of the build process
docs: x86: avoid using ReST :doc:`foo` markup
docs: virt: kvm: s390-pv-boot.rst: avoid using ReST :doc:`foo` markup
docs: userspace-api: landlock.rst: avoid using ReST :doc:`foo` markup
docs: trace: ftrace.rst: avoid using ReST :doc:`foo` markup
docs: trace: coresight: coresight.rst: avoid using ReST :doc:`foo` markup
...
- Add the "ratelimit:N" parameter to the split_lock_detect= boot option,
to rate-limit the generation of bus-lock exceptions. This is both
easier on system resources and kinder to offending applications than
the current policy of outright killing them.
- Document the split-lock detection feature and its parameters.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'x86-splitlock-2021-06-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 splitlock updates from Ingo Molnar:
- Add the "ratelimit:N" parameter to the split_lock_detect= boot
option, to rate-limit the generation of bus-lock exceptions.
This is both easier on system resources and kinder to offending
applications than the current policy of outright killing them.
- Document the split-lock detection feature and its parameters.
* tag 'x86-splitlock-2021-06-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
Documentation/x86: Add ratelimit in buslock.rst
Documentation/admin-guide: Add bus lock ratelimit
x86/bus_lock: Set rate limit for bus lock
Documentation/x86: Add buslock.rst
When the clocksource watchdog marks a clock as unstable, this might
be due to that clock being unstable or it might be due to delays that
happen to occur between the reads of the two clocks. It would be good
to have a way of testing the clocksource watchdog's ability to
distinguish between these two causes of clock skew and instability.
Therefore, provide a new clocksource-wdtest module selected by a new
TEST_CLOCKSOURCE_WATCHDOG Kconfig option. This module has a single module
parameter named "holdoff" that provides the number of seconds of delay
before testing should start, which defaults to zero when built as a module
and to 10 seconds when built directly into the kernel. Very large systems
that boot slowly may need to increase the value of this module parameter.
This module uses hand-crafted clocksource structures to do its testing,
thus avoiding messing up timing for the rest of the kernel and for user
applications. This module first verifies that the ->uncertainty_margin
field of the clocksource structures are set sanely. It then tests the
delay-detection capability of the clocksource watchdog, increasing the
number of consecutive delays injected, first provoking console messages
complaining about the delays and finally forcing a clock-skew event.
Unexpected test results cause at least one WARN_ON_ONCE() console splat.
If there are no splats, the test has passed. Finally, it fuzzes the
value returned from a clocksource to test the clocksource watchdog's
ability to detect time skew.
This module checks the state of its clocksource after each test, and
uses WARN_ON_ONCE() to emit a console splat if there are any failures.
This should enable all types of test frameworks to detect any such
failures.
This facility is intended for diagnostic use only, and should be avoided
on production systems.
Reported-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210527190124.440372-5-paulmck@kernel.org
Currently, if skew is detected on a clock marked CLOCK_SOURCE_VERIFY_PERCPU,
that clock is checked on all CPUs. This is thorough, but might not be
what you want on a system with a few tens of CPUs, let alone a few hundred
of them.
Therefore, by default check only up to eight randomly chosen CPUs. Also
provide a new clocksource.verify_n_cpus kernel boot parameter. A value of
-1 says to check all of the CPUs, and a non-negative value says to randomly
select that number of CPUs, without concern about selecting the same CPU
multiple times. However, make use of a cpumask so that a given CPU will be
checked at most once.
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> # For verify_n_cpus=1.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210527190124.440372-3-paulmck@kernel.org
When the clocksource watchdog marks a clock as unstable, this might be due
to that clock being unstable or it might be due to delays that happen to
occur between the reads of the two clocks. Yes, interrupts are disabled
across those two reads, but there are no shortage of things that can delay
interrupts-disabled regions of code ranging from SMI handlers to vCPU
preemption. It would be good to have some indication as to why the clock
was marked unstable.
Therefore, re-read the watchdog clock on either side of the read from the
clock under test. If the watchdog clock shows an excessive time delta
between its pair of reads, the reads are retried.
The maximum number of retries is specified by a new kernel boot parameter
clocksource.max_cswd_read_retries, which defaults to three, that is, up to
four reads, one initial and up to three retries. If more than one retry
was required, a message is printed on the console (the occasional single
retry is expected behavior, especially in guest OSes). If the maximum
number of retries is exceeded, the clock under test will be marked
unstable. However, the probability of this happening due to various sorts
of delays is quite small. In addition, the reason (clock-read delays) for
the unstable marking will be apparent.
Reported-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210527190124.440372-1-paulmck@kernel.org
Currently we need to use as many acpi_mask_gpe options as we want to have
GPEs to be masked. Even with two it already becomes inconveniently large
the kernel command line.
Instead, allow acpi_mask_gpe to represent bitmap list.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Consolidating the flush queue logic also meant that the "iommu.strict"
option started taking effect on x86 as well. Make sure we document that.
Fixes: a250c23f15 ("iommu: remove DOMAIN_ATTR_DMA_USE_FLUSH_QUEUE")
Signed-off-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: John Garry <john.garry@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2c8c06e1b449d6b060c5bf9ad3b403cd142f405d.1623682646.git.robin.murphy@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Add a kernel command line option that disables printing of events to
console at late_initcall_sync(). This is useful when needing to see
specific events written to console on boot up, but not wanting it when
user space starts, as user space may make the console so noisy that the
system becomes inoperable.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
PSI accounts stalls for each cgroup separately and aggregates it at each
level of the hierarchy. This causes additional overhead with psi_avgs_work
being called for each cgroup in the hierarchy. psi_avgs_work has been
highly optimized, however on systems with large number of cgroups the
overhead becomes noticeable.
Systems which use PSI only at the system level could avoid this overhead
if PSI can be configured to skip per-cgroup stall accounting.
Add "cgroup_disable=pressure" kernel command-line option to allow
requesting system-wide only pressure stall accounting. When set, it
keeps system-wide accounting under /proc/pressure/ but skips accounting
for individual cgroups and does not expose PSI nodes in cgroup hierarchy.
Signed-off-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
The CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW build time and reservelow= command line option
allowed to control the amount of memory under 1M that would be reserved at
boot to avoid using memory that can be potentially clobbered by BIOS.
Since the entire range under 1M is always reserved there is no need for
these options anymore and they can be removed.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210601075354.5149-3-rppt@kernel.org
Add this option to enable the IOMMU on platforms like AMD Stoney,
where the kernel usually disables it because it may cause problems in
some scenarios.
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Acked-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210603130203.29016-1-joro@8bytes.org
risc-v and arm64 support numa=off by common arch_numa_init()
in drivers/base/arch_numa.c. x86, ppc, mips, sparc support it
by arch-level early_param.
numa=off is widely used in linux distributions. it is better
to document it.
Signed-off-by: Barry Song <song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210524051715.13604-1-song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Most litex boards using RISC-V soft cores us the sbi earlycon, however
this is not available for non RISC-V litex SoC's. This patch enables
earlycon for liteuart which is available on all Litex SoC's making
support for earycon debugging more widely available.
Cc: Florent Kermarrec <florent@enjoy-digital.fr>
Cc: Mateusz Holenko <mholenko@antmicro.com>
Cc: Joel Stanley <joel@jms.id.au>
Cc: Gabriel L. Somlo <gsomlo@gmail.com>
Reviewed-and-tested-by: Gabriel Somlo <gsomlo@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Joel Stanley <joel@jms.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210517115453.24365-1-shorne@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Since bus lock rate limit changes the split_lock_detect parameter,
update the documentation for the change.
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210419214958.4035512-4-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Assuming this stuff isn't actually used much; disable it by default
and avoid allocating and tracking the task_delay_info structure.
taskstats is changed to still report the regular sched and sched_info
and only skip the missing task_delay_info fields instead of not
reporting anything.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210505111525.308018373@infradead.org
Add a drain_page_cache() function to drain a per-cpu page cache.
The reason behind of it is a system can run into a low memory
condition, in that case a page shrinker can ask for its users
to free their caches in order to get extra memory available for
other needs in a system.
When a system hits such condition, a page cache is drained for
all CPUs in a system. By default a page cache work is delayed
with 5 seconds interval until a memory pressure disappears, if
needed it can be changed. See a rcu_delay_page_cache_fill_msec
module parameter.
Co-developed-by: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Zqiang <qiang.zhang@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Merge master back into next, this allows us to resolve some conflicts in
arch/powerpc/Kconfig, and also re-sort the symbols under config PPC so
that they are in alphabetical order again.
Patch series "background initramfs unpacking, and CONFIG_MODPROBE_PATH", v3.
These two patches are independent, but better-together.
The second is a rather trivial patch that simply allows the developer to
change "/sbin/modprobe" to something else - e.g. the empty string, so
that all request_module() during early boot return -ENOENT early, without
even spawning a usermode helper, needlessly synchronizing with the
initramfs unpacking.
The first patch delegates decompressing the initramfs to a worker thread,
allowing do_initcalls() in main.c to proceed to the device_ and late_
initcalls without waiting for that decompression (and populating of
rootfs) to finish. Obviously, some of those later calls may rely on the
initramfs being available, so I've added synchronization points in the
firmware loader and usermodehelper paths - there might be other places
that would need this, but so far no one has been able to think of any
places I have missed.
There's not much to win if most of the functionality needed during boot is
only available as modules. But systems with a custom-made .config and
initramfs can boot faster, partly due to utilizing more than one cpu
earlier, partly by avoiding known-futile modprobe calls (which would still
trigger synchronization with the initramfs unpacking, thus eliminating
most of the first benefit).
This patch (of 2):
Most of the boot process doesn't actually need anything from the
initramfs, until of course PID1 is to be executed. So instead of doing
the decompressing and populating of the initramfs synchronously in
populate_rootfs() itself, push that off to a worker thread.
This is primarily motivated by an embedded ppc target, where unpacking
even the rather modest sized initramfs takes 0.6 seconds, which is long
enough that the external watchdog becomes unhappy that it doesn't get
attention soon enough. By doing the initramfs decompression in a worker
thread, we get to do the device_initcalls and hence start petting the
watchdog much sooner.
Normal desktops might benefit as well. On my mostly stock Ubuntu kernel,
my initramfs is a 26M xz-compressed blob, decompressing to around 126M.
That takes almost two seconds:
[ 0.201454] Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs...
[ 1.976633] Freeing initrd memory: 29416K
Before this patch, these lines occur consecutively in dmesg. With this
patch, the timestamps on these two lines is roughly the same as above, but
with 172 lines inbetween - so more than one cpu has been kept busy doing
work that would otherwise only happen after the populate_rootfs()
finished.
Should one of the initcalls done after rootfs_initcall time (i.e., device_
and late_ initcalls) need something from the initramfs (say, a kernel
module or a firmware blob), it will simply wait for the initramfs
unpacking to be done before proceeding, which should in theory make this
completely safe.
But if some driver pokes around in the filesystem directly and not via one
of the official kernel interfaces (i.e. request_firmware*(),
call_usermodehelper*) that theory may not hold - also, I certainly might
have missed a spot when sprinkling wait_for_initramfs(). So there is an
escape hatch in the form of an initramfs_async= command line parameter.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210313212528.2956377-1-linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210313212528.2956377-2-linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk
Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Reviewed-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Cc: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Support for the memtest= kernel command-line argument.
* Support for building the kernel with FORTIFY_SOURCE.
* Support for generic clockevent broadcasts.
* Support for the buildtar build target.
* Some build system cleanups to pass more LLVM-friendly arguments.
* Support for kprobes.
* A rearranged kernel memory map, the first part of supporting sv48
systems.
* Improvements to kexec, along with support for kdump and crash kernels.
* An alternatives-based errata framework, along with support for
handling a pair of errata that manifest on some SiFive designs
(including the HiFive Unmatched).
* Support for XIP.
* A device tree for the Microchip PolarFire ICICLE SoC and associated
dev board.
Along with a bunch of cleanups. There are already a handful of fixes
on the list so there will likely be a part 2.
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Merge tag 'riscv-for-linus-5.13-mw0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux
Pull RISC-V updates from Palmer Dabbelt:
- Support for the memtest= kernel command-line argument.
- Support for building the kernel with FORTIFY_SOURCE.
- Support for generic clockevent broadcasts.
- Support for the buildtar build target.
- Some build system cleanups to pass more LLVM-friendly arguments.
- Support for kprobes.
- A rearranged kernel memory map, the first part of supporting sv48
systems.
- Improvements to kexec, along with support for kdump and crash
kernels.
- An alternatives-based errata framework, along with support for
handling a pair of errata that manifest on some SiFive designs
(including the HiFive Unmatched).
- Support for XIP.
- A device tree for the Microchip PolarFire ICICLE SoC and associated
dev board.
... along with a bunch of cleanups. There are already a handful of fixes
on the list so there will likely be a part 2.
* tag 'riscv-for-linus-5.13-mw0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux: (45 commits)
RISC-V: Always define XIP_FIXUP
riscv: Remove 32b kernel mapping from page table dump
riscv: Fix 32b kernel build with CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL=y
RISC-V: Fix error code returned by riscv_hartid_to_cpuid()
RISC-V: Enable Microchip PolarFire ICICLE SoC
RISC-V: Initial DTS for Microchip ICICLE board
dt-bindings: riscv: microchip: Add YAML documentation for the PolarFire SoC
RISC-V: Add Microchip PolarFire SoC kconfig option
RISC-V: enable XIP
RISC-V: Add crash kernel support
RISC-V: Add kdump support
RISC-V: Improve init_resources()
RISC-V: Add kexec support
RISC-V: Add EM_RISCV to kexec UAPI header
riscv: vdso: fix and clean-up Makefile
riscv/mm: Use BUG_ON instead of if condition followed by BUG.
riscv/kprobe: fix kernel panic when invoking sys_read traced by kprobe
riscv: Set ARCH_HAS_STRICT_MODULE_RWX if MMU
riscv: module: Create module allocations without exec permissions
riscv: bpf: Avoid breaking W^X
...
Merge more updates from Andrew Morton:
"The remainder of the main mm/ queue.
143 patches.
Subsystems affected by this patch series (all mm): pagecache, hugetlb,
userfaultfd, vmscan, compaction, migration, cma, ksm, vmstat, mmap,
kconfig, util, memory-hotplug, zswap, zsmalloc, highmem, cleanups, and
kfence"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (143 commits)
kfence: use power-efficient work queue to run delayed work
kfence: maximize allocation wait timeout duration
kfence: await for allocation using wait_event
kfence: zero guard page after out-of-bounds access
mm/process_vm_access.c: remove duplicate include
mm/mempool: minor coding style tweaks
mm/highmem.c: fix coding style issue
btrfs: use memzero_page() instead of open coded kmap pattern
iov_iter: lift memzero_page() to highmem.h
mm/zsmalloc: use BUG_ON instead of if condition followed by BUG.
mm/zswap.c: switch from strlcpy to strscpy
arm64/Kconfig: introduce ARCH_MHP_MEMMAP_ON_MEMORY_ENABLE
x86/Kconfig: introduce ARCH_MHP_MEMMAP_ON_MEMORY_ENABLE
mm,memory_hotplug: add kernel boot option to enable memmap_on_memory
acpi,memhotplug: enable MHP_MEMMAP_ON_MEMORY when supported
mm,memory_hotplug: allocate memmap from the added memory range
mm,memory_hotplug: factor out adjusting present pages into adjust_present_page_count()
mm,memory_hotplug: relax fully spanned sections check
drivers/base/memory: introduce memory_block_{online,offline}
mm/memory_hotplug: remove broken locking of zone PCP structures during hot remove
...
- new driver for the Realtek Otto GPIO controller
- ACPI support for gpio-mpc8xxx
- edge event support for gpio-sch (+ Kconfig fixes)
- Kconfig improvements in gpio-ich
- fixes to older issues in gpio-mockup
- ACPI quirk for ignoring EC wakeups on Dell Venue 10 Pro 5055
- improve the GPIO aggregator code by using more generic interfaces instead of
reimplementing them in the driver
- convert the DT bindings for gpio-74x164 to yaml
- documentation improvements
- a slew of other minor fixes and improvements to GPIO drivers
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Merge tag 'gpio-updates-for-v5.13-v2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brgl/linux
Pull gpio updates from Bartosz Golaszewski:
- new driver for the Realtek Otto GPIO controller
- ACPI support for gpio-mpc8xxx
- edge event support for gpio-sch (+ Kconfig fixes)
- Kconfig improvements in gpio-ich
- fixes to older issues in gpio-mockup
- ACPI quirk for ignoring EC wakeups on Dell Venue 10 Pro 5055
- improve the GPIO aggregator code by using more generic interfaces
instead of reimplementing them in the driver
- convert the DT bindings for gpio-74x164 to yaml
- documentation improvements
- a slew of other minor fixes and improvements to GPIO drivers
* tag 'gpio-updates-for-v5.13-v2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brgl/linux: (34 commits)
dt-bindings: gpio: add YAML description for rockchip,gpio-bank
gpio: mxs: remove useless function
dt-bindings: gpio: fairchild,74hc595: Convert to json-schema
gpio: it87: remove unused code
gpio: 104-dio-48e: Fix coding style issues
gpio: mpc8xxx: Add ACPI support
gpio: ich: Switch to be dependent on LPC_ICH
gpio: sch: Drop MFD_CORE selection
gpio: sch: depends on LPC_SCH
gpiolib: acpi: Add quirk to ignore EC wakeups on Dell Venue 10 Pro 5055
gpio: sch: Hook into ACPI GPE handler to catch GPIO edge events
gpio: sch: Add edge event support
gpio: aggregator: Replace custom get_arg() with a generic next_arg()
lib/cmdline: Export next_arg() for being used in modules
gpio: omap: Use device_get_match_data() helper
gpio: Add Realtek Otto GPIO support
dt-bindings: gpio: Binding for Realtek Otto GPIO
docs: kernel-parameters: Add gpio_mockup_named_lines
docs: kernel-parameters: Move gpio-mockup for alphabetic order
lib: bitmap: provide devm_bitmap_alloc() and devm_bitmap_zalloc()
...
Self stored memmap leads to a sparse memory situation which is
unsuitable for workloads that requires large contiguous memory chunks,
so make this an opt-in which needs to be explicitly enabled.
To control this, let memory_hotplug have its own memory space, as
suggested by David, so we can add memory_hotplug.memmap_on_memory
parameter.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210421102701.25051-7-osalvador@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Missing since introduced in the driver.
Fixes: 8a68ea00a6 ("gpio: mockup: implement naming the lines")
Signed-off-by: Alexander Dahl <ada@thorsis.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartosz Golaszewski <bgolaszewski@baylibre.com>
All other sections are ordered alphabetically so do the same for
gpio-mockup.
Fixes: 0f98dd1b27 ("gpio/mockup: add virtual gpio device")
Signed-off-by: Alexander Dahl <ada@thorsis.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartosz Golaszewski <bgolaszewski@baylibre.com>
This reduces TLB misses by nearly 30x on a `git diff` workload on a
2-node POWER9 (59,800 -> 2,100) and reduces CPU cycles by 0.54%, due
to vfs hashes being allocated with 2MB pages.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210503091755.613393-1-npiggin@gmail.com
Including:
- Big cleanup of almost unsused parts of the IOMMU API by
Christoph Hellwig. This mostly affects the Freescale PAMU
driver.
- New IOMMU driver for Unisoc SOCs
- ARM SMMU Updates from Will:
- SMMUv3: Drop vestigial PREFETCH_ADDR support
- SMMUv3: Elide TLB sync logic for empty gather
- SMMUv3: Fix "Service Failure Mode" handling
- SMMUv2: New Qualcomm compatible string
- Removal of the AMD IOMMU performance counter writeable check
on AMD. It caused long boot delays on some machines and is
only needed to work around an errata on some older (possibly
pre-production) chips. If someone is still hit by this
hardware issue anyway the performance counters will just
return 0.
- Support for targeted invalidations in the AMD IOMMU driver.
Before that the driver only invalidated a single 4k page or the
whole IO/TLB for an address space. This has been extended now
and is mostly useful for emulated AMD IOMMUs.
- Several fixes for the Shared Virtual Memory support in the
Intel VT-d driver
- Mediatek drivers can now be built as modules
- Re-introduction of the forcedac boot option which got lost
when converting the Intel VT-d driver to the common dma-iommu
implementation.
- Extension of the IOMMU device registration interface and
support iommu_ops to be const again when drivers are built as
modules.
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Merge tag 'iommu-updates-v5.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu
Pull iommu updates from Joerg Roedel:
- Big cleanup of almost unsused parts of the IOMMU API by Christoph
Hellwig. This mostly affects the Freescale PAMU driver.
- New IOMMU driver for Unisoc SOCs
- ARM SMMU Updates from Will:
- Drop vestigial PREFETCH_ADDR support (SMMUv3)
- Elide TLB sync logic for empty gather (SMMUv3)
- Fix "Service Failure Mode" handling (SMMUv3)
- New Qualcomm compatible string (SMMUv2)
- Removal of the AMD IOMMU performance counter writeable check on AMD.
It caused long boot delays on some machines and is only needed to
work around an errata on some older (possibly pre-production) chips.
If someone is still hit by this hardware issue anyway the performance
counters will just return 0.
- Support for targeted invalidations in the AMD IOMMU driver. Before
that the driver only invalidated a single 4k page or the whole IO/TLB
for an address space. This has been extended now and is mostly useful
for emulated AMD IOMMUs.
- Several fixes for the Shared Virtual Memory support in the Intel VT-d
driver
- Mediatek drivers can now be built as modules
- Re-introduction of the forcedac boot option which got lost when
converting the Intel VT-d driver to the common dma-iommu
implementation.
- Extension of the IOMMU device registration interface and support
iommu_ops to be const again when drivers are built as modules.
* tag 'iommu-updates-v5.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu: (84 commits)
iommu: Streamline registration interface
iommu: Statically set module owner
iommu/mediatek-v1: Add error handle for mtk_iommu_probe
iommu/mediatek-v1: Avoid build fail when build as module
iommu/mediatek: Always enable the clk on resume
iommu/fsl-pamu: Fix uninitialized variable warning
iommu/vt-d: Force to flush iotlb before creating superpage
iommu/amd: Put newline after closing bracket in warning
iommu/vt-d: Fix an error handling path in 'intel_prepare_irq_remapping()'
iommu/vt-d: Fix build error of pasid_enable_wpe() with !X86
iommu/amd: Remove performance counter pre-initialization test
Revert "iommu/amd: Fix performance counter initialization"
iommu/amd: Remove duplicate check of devid
iommu/exynos: Remove unneeded local variable initialization
iommu/amd: Page-specific invalidations for more than one page
iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Remove the unused fields for PREFETCH_CONFIG command
iommu/vt-d: Avoid unnecessary cache flush in pasid entry teardown
iommu/vt-d: Invalidate PASID cache when root/context entry changed
iommu/vt-d: Remove WO permissions on second-level paging entries
iommu/vt-d: Report the right page fault address
...
This is a minor addition to the allocator setup options to provide a
simple way to on demand enable back cache merging for builds that by
default run with CONFIG_SLAB_MERGE_DEFAULT not set.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210319194506.200159-1-aquini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Merge tag 'for-5.13/libata-2021-04-27' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block
Pull libata updates from Jens Axboe:
"Mostly cleanups this time, but also a few additions:
- kernel-doc cleanups and sanitization (Lee)
- Spelling fix (Bhaskar)
- Fix ata_qc_from_tag() return value check in dwc_460ex (Dinghao)
- Fall-through warning fix (Gustavo)
- IRQ registration fixes (Sergey)
- Add AHCI support for Tegra186 (Sowjanya)
- Add xiling phy support for AHCI (Piyush)
- SXS disable fix for AHCI for Hisilicon Kunpeng920 (Xingui)
- pata legacy probe mask support (Maciej)"
* tag 'for-5.13/libata-2021-04-27' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (54 commits)
libata: Fix fall-through warnings for Clang
pata_ipx4xx_cf: Fix unsigned comparison with less than zero
ata: ahci_tegra: call tegra_powergate_power_off only when PM domain is not present
ata: ahci_tegra: Add AHCI support for Tegra186
dt-binding: ata: tegra: Add dt-binding documentation for Tegra186
dt-bindings: ata: tegra: Convert binding documentation to YAML
pata_legacy: Add `probe_mask' parameter like with ide-generic
pata_platform: Document `pio_mask' module parameter
pata_legacy: Properly document module parameters
ata: ahci: ceva: Updated code by using dev_err_probe()
ata: ahci: Disable SXS for Hisilicon Kunpeng920
ata: libahci_platform: fix IRQ check
sata_mv: add IRQ checks
ata: pata_acpi: Fix some incorrect function param descriptions
ata: libata-acpi: Fix function name and provide description for 'prev_gtf'
ata: sata_mv: Fix misnaming of 'mv_bmdma_stop()'
ata: pata_cs5530: Fix misspelling of 'cs5530_init_one()'s 'pdev' param
ata: pata_legacy: Repair a couple kernel-doc problems
ata: ata_generic: Fix misspelling of 'ata_generic_init_one()'
ata: pata_opti: Fix spelling issue of 'val' in 'opti_write_reg()'
...
- Clean up SCHED_DEBUG: move the decades old mess of sysctl, procfs and debugfs interfaces
to a unified debugfs interface.
- Signals: Allow caching one sigqueue object per task, to improve performance & latencies.
- Improve newidle_balance() irq-off latencies on systems with a large number of CPU cgroups.
- Improve energy-aware scheduling
- Improve the PELT metrics for certain workloads
- Reintroduce select_idle_smt() to improve load-balancing locality - but without the previous
regressions
- Add 'scheduler latency debugging': warn after long periods of pending need_resched. This
is an opt-in feature that requires the enabling of the LATENCY_WARN scheduler feature,
or the use of the resched_latency_warn_ms=xx boot parameter.
- CPU hotplug fixes for HP-rollback, and for the 'fail' interface. Fix remaining
balance_push() vs. hotplug holes/races
- PSI fixes, plus allow /proc/pressure/ files to be written by CAP_SYS_RESOURCE tasks as well
- Fix/improve various load-balancing corner cases vs. capacity margins
- Fix sched topology on systems with NUMA diameter of 3 or above
- Fix PF_KTHREAD vs to_kthread() race
- Minor rseq optimizations
- Misc cleanups, optimizations, fixes and smaller updates
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'sched-core-2021-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull scheduler updates from Ingo Molnar:
- Clean up SCHED_DEBUG: move the decades old mess of sysctl, procfs and
debugfs interfaces to a unified debugfs interface.
- Signals: Allow caching one sigqueue object per task, to improve
performance & latencies.
- Improve newidle_balance() irq-off latencies on systems with a large
number of CPU cgroups.
- Improve energy-aware scheduling
- Improve the PELT metrics for certain workloads
- Reintroduce select_idle_smt() to improve load-balancing locality -
but without the previous regressions
- Add 'scheduler latency debugging': warn after long periods of pending
need_resched. This is an opt-in feature that requires the enabling of
the LATENCY_WARN scheduler feature, or the use of the
resched_latency_warn_ms=xx boot parameter.
- CPU hotplug fixes for HP-rollback, and for the 'fail' interface. Fix
remaining balance_push() vs. hotplug holes/races
- PSI fixes, plus allow /proc/pressure/ files to be written by
CAP_SYS_RESOURCE tasks as well
- Fix/improve various load-balancing corner cases vs. capacity margins
- Fix sched topology on systems with NUMA diameter of 3 or above
- Fix PF_KTHREAD vs to_kthread() race
- Minor rseq optimizations
- Misc cleanups, optimizations, fixes and smaller updates
* tag 'sched-core-2021-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (61 commits)
cpumask/hotplug: Fix cpu_dying() state tracking
kthread: Fix PF_KTHREAD vs to_kthread() race
sched/debug: Fix cgroup_path[] serialization
sched,psi: Handle potential task count underflow bugs more gracefully
sched: Warn on long periods of pending need_resched
sched/fair: Move update_nohz_stats() to the CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON block to simplify the code & fix an unused function warning
sched/debug: Rename the sched_debug parameter to sched_verbose
sched,fair: Alternative sched_slice()
sched: Move /proc/sched_debug to debugfs
sched,debug: Convert sysctl sched_domains to debugfs
debugfs: Implement debugfs_create_str()
sched,preempt: Move preempt_dynamic to debug.c
sched: Move SCHED_DEBUG sysctl to debugfs
sched: Don't make LATENCYTOP select SCHED_DEBUG
sched: Remove sched_schedstats sysctl out from under SCHED_DEBUG
sched/numa: Allow runtime enabling/disabling of NUMA balance without SCHED_DEBUG
sched: Use cpu_dying() to fix balance_push vs hotplug-rollback
cpumask: Introduce DYING mask
cpumask: Make cpu_{online,possible,present,active}() inline
rseq: Optimise rseq_get_rseq_cs() and clear_rseq_cs()
...
- rtmutex cleanup & spring cleaning pass that removes ~400 lines of code
- Futex simplifications & cleanups
- Add debugging to the CSD code, to help track down a tenacious race (or hw problem)
- Add lockdep_assert_not_held(), to allow code to require a lock to not be held,
and propagate this into the ath10k driver
- Misc LKMM documentation updates
- Misc KCSAN updates: cleanups & documentation updates
- Misc fixes and cleanups
- Fix locktorture bugs with ww_mutexes
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'locking-core-2021-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull locking updates from Ingo Molnar:
- rtmutex cleanup & spring cleaning pass that removes ~400 lines of
code
- Futex simplifications & cleanups
- Add debugging to the CSD code, to help track down a tenacious race
(or hw problem)
- Add lockdep_assert_not_held(), to allow code to require a lock to not
be held, and propagate this into the ath10k driver
- Misc LKMM documentation updates
- Misc KCSAN updates: cleanups & documentation updates
- Misc fixes and cleanups
- Fix locktorture bugs with ww_mutexes
* tag 'locking-core-2021-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (44 commits)
kcsan: Fix printk format string
static_call: Relax static_call_update() function argument type
static_call: Fix unused variable warn w/o MODULE
locking/rtmutex: Clean up signal handling in __rt_mutex_slowlock()
locking/rtmutex: Restrict the trylock WARN_ON() to debug
locking/rtmutex: Fix misleading comment in rt_mutex_postunlock()
locking/rtmutex: Consolidate the fast/slowpath invocation
locking/rtmutex: Make text section and inlining consistent
locking/rtmutex: Move debug functions as inlines into common header
locking/rtmutex: Decrapify __rt_mutex_init()
locking/rtmutex: Remove pointless CONFIG_RT_MUTEXES=n stubs
locking/rtmutex: Inline chainwalk depth check
locking/rtmutex: Move rt_mutex_debug_task_free() to rtmutex.c
locking/rtmutex: Remove empty and unused debug stubs
locking/rtmutex: Consolidate rt_mutex_init()
locking/rtmutex: Remove output from deadlock detector
locking/rtmutex: Remove rtmutex deadlock tester leftovers
locking/rtmutex: Remove rt_mutex_timed_lock()
MAINTAINERS: Add myself as futex reviewer
locking/mutex: Remove repeated declaration
...
- Bitmap support for "N" as alias for last bit
- kvfree_rcu updates
- mm_dump_obj() updates. (One of these is to mm, but was suggested by Andrew Morton.)
- RCU callback offloading update
- Polling RCU grace-period interfaces
- Realtime-related RCU updates
- Tasks-RCU updates
- Torture-test updates
- Torture-test scripting updates
- Miscellaneous fixes
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'core-rcu-2021-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull RCU updates from Ingo Molnar:
- Support for "N" as alias for last bit in bitmap parsing library (eg
using syntax like "nohz_full=2-N")
- kvfree_rcu updates
- mm_dump_obj() updates. (One of these is to mm, but was suggested by
Andrew Morton.)
- RCU callback offloading update
- Polling RCU grace-period interfaces
- Realtime-related RCU updates
- Tasks-RCU updates
- Torture-test updates
- Torture-test scripting updates
- Miscellaneous fixes
* tag 'core-rcu-2021-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (77 commits)
rcutorture: Test start_poll_synchronize_rcu() and poll_state_synchronize_rcu()
rcu: Provide polling interfaces for Tiny RCU grace periods
torture: Fix kvm.sh --datestamp regex check
torture: Consolidate qemu-cmd duration editing into kvm-transform.sh
torture: Print proper vmlinux path for kvm-again.sh runs
torture: Make TORTURE_TRUST_MAKE available in kvm-again.sh environment
torture: Make kvm-transform.sh update jitter commands
torture: Add --duration argument to kvm-again.sh
torture: Add kvm-again.sh to rerun a previous torture-test
torture: Create a "batches" file for build reuse
torture: De-capitalize TORTURE_SUITE
torture: Make upper-case-only no-dot no-slash scenario names official
torture: Rename SRCU-t and SRCU-u to avoid lowercase characters
torture: Remove no-mpstat error message
torture: Record kvm-test-1-run.sh and kvm-test-1-run-qemu.sh PIDs
torture: Record jitter start/stop commands
torture: Extract kvm-test-1-run-qemu.sh from kvm-test-1-run.sh
torture: Record TORTURE_KCONFIG_GDB_ARG in qemu-cmd
torture: Abstract jitter.sh start/stop into scripts
rcu: Provide polling interfaces for Tree RCU grace periods
...
- Update ACPICA code in the kernel to upstream revision 20210331
including the following changes:
* Add parsing for IVRS IVHD 40h and device entry F0h (Alexander
Monakov).
* Add new CEDT table for CXL 2.0 and iASL support for it (Ben
Widawsky, Bob Moore).
* NFIT: add Location Cookie field (Bob Moore).
* HMAT: add new fields/flags (Bob Moore).
* Add new flags in SRAT (Bob Moore).
* PMTT: add new fields/structures (Bob Moore).
* Add CSI2Bus resource template (Bob Moore).
* iASL: Decode subtable type field for VIOT (Bob Moore).
* Fix various typos and spelling mistakes (Colin Ian King).
* Add new predefined objects _BPC, _BPS, and _BPT (Erik Kaneda).
* Add USB4 capabilities UUID (Erik Kaneda).
* Add CXL ACPI device ID and _CBR object (Erik Kaneda).
* MADT: add Multiprocessor Wakeup Structure (Erik Kaneda).
* PCCT: add support for subtable type 5 (Erik Kaneda).
* PPTT: add new version of subtable type 1 (Erik Kaneda).
* Add SDEV secure access components (Erik Kaneda).
* Add support for PHAT table (Erik Kaneda).
* iASL: Add definitions for the VIOT table (Jean-Philippe Brucker).
* acpisrc: Add missing conversion for VIOT support (Jean-Philippe
Brucker).
* IORT: Updates for revision E.b (Shameer Kolothum).
- Rearrange message printing in ACPI-related code to avoid using the
ACPICA's internal message printing macros outside ACPICA and do
some related code cleanups (Rafael Wysocki).
- Modify the device enumeration code to turn off all of the unused
ACPI power resources at the end (Rafael Wysocki).
- Change the ACPI power resources handling code to turn off unused
ACPI power resources without checking their status which should
not be necessary by the spec (Rafael Wysocki).
- Add empty stubs for CPPC-related functions to be used when
CONFIG_ACPI_CPPC_LIB is not set (Rafael Wysocki).
- Simplify device enumeration code (Rafael Wysocki).
- Change device enumeration code to use match_string() for string
matching (Andy Shevchenko).
- Modify irqresource_disabled() to retain the resouce flags that
have been set already (Angela Czubak).
- Add native backlight whitelist entry for GA401/GA502/GA503 (Luke
Jones).
- Modify the ACPI backlight driver to let the native backlight
handling take over on hardware-reduced systems (Hans de Goede).
- Introduce acpi_dev_get() and switch over the ACPI core code to
using it (Andy Shevchenko).
- Use kobj_attribute as callback argument instead of a local struct
type in the CPPC linrary code (Nathan Chancellor).
- Drop unneeded initializatio of a static variable from the ACPI
processor driver (Tian Tao).
- Drop unnecessary local variable assignment from the ACPI APEI
code (Colin Ian King).
- Document for_each_acpi_dev_match() macro (Andy Shevchenko).
- Address assorted coding style issues in multiple places (Xiaofei
Tan).
- Capitalize TLAs in a few comments (Andy Shevchenko).
- Correct assorted typos in comments (Tom Saeger).
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Merge tag 'acpi-5.13-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm
Pull ACPI updates from Rafael Wysocki:
"These update the ACPICA code in the kernel to the most recent upstream
revision including (but not limited to) new material introduced in the
6.4 version of the spec, update message printing in the ACPI-related
code, address a few issues and clean up code in a number of places.
Specifics:
- Update ACPICA code in the kernel to upstream revision 20210331
including the following changes:
* Add parsing for IVRS IVHD 40h and device entry F0h (Alexander
Monakov).
* Add new CEDT table for CXL 2.0 and iASL support for it (Ben
Widawsky, Bob Moore).
* NFIT: add Location Cookie field (Bob Moore).
* HMAT: add new fields/flags (Bob Moore).
* Add new flags in SRAT (Bob Moore).
* PMTT: add new fields/structures (Bob Moore).
* Add CSI2Bus resource template (Bob Moore).
* iASL: Decode subtable type field for VIOT (Bob Moore).
* Fix various typos and spelling mistakes (Colin Ian King).
* Add new predefined objects _BPC, _BPS, and _BPT (Erik Kaneda).
* Add USB4 capabilities UUID (Erik Kaneda).
* Add CXL ACPI device ID and _CBR object (Erik Kaneda).
* MADT: add Multiprocessor Wakeup Structure (Erik Kaneda).
* PCCT: add support for subtable type 5 (Erik Kaneda).
* PPTT: add new version of subtable type 1 (Erik Kaneda).
* Add SDEV secure access components (Erik Kaneda).
* Add support for PHAT table (Erik Kaneda).
* iASL: Add definitions for the VIOT table (Jean-Philippe
Brucker).
* acpisrc: Add missing conversion for VIOT support (Jean-Philippe
Brucker).
* IORT: Updates for revision E.b (Shameer Kolothum).
- Rearrange message printing in ACPI-related code to avoid using the
ACPICA's internal message printing macros outside ACPICA and do
some related code cleanups (Rafael Wysocki).
- Modify the device enumeration code to turn off all of the unused
ACPI power resources at the end (Rafael Wysocki).
- Change the ACPI power resources handling code to turn off unused
ACPI power resources without checking their status which should not
be necessary by the spec (Rafael Wysocki).
- Add empty stubs for CPPC-related functions to be used when
CONFIG_ACPI_CPPC_LIB is not set (Rafael Wysocki).
- Simplify device enumeration code (Rafael Wysocki).
- Change device enumeration code to use match_string() for string
matching (Andy Shevchenko).
- Modify irqresource_disabled() to retain the resouce flags that have
been set already (Angela Czubak).
- Add native backlight whitelist entry for GA401/GA502/GA503 (Luke
Jones).
- Modify the ACPI backlight driver to let the native backlight
handling take over on hardware-reduced systems (Hans de Goede).
- Introduce acpi_dev_get() and switch over the ACPI core code to
using it (Andy Shevchenko).
- Use kobj_attribute as callback argument instead of a local struct
type in the CPPC linrary code (Nathan Chancellor).
- Drop unneeded initializatio of a static variable from the ACPI
processor driver (Tian Tao).
- Drop unnecessary local variable assignment from the ACPI APEI code
(Colin Ian King).
- Document for_each_acpi_dev_match() macro (Andy Shevchenko).
- Address assorted coding style issues in multiple places (Xiaofei
Tan).
- Capitalize TLAs in a few comments (Andy Shevchenko).
- Correct assorted typos in comments (Tom Saeger)"
* tag 'acpi-5.13-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: (68 commits)
ACPI: video: use native backlight for GA401/GA502/GA503
ACPI: APEI: remove redundant assignment to variable rc
ACPI: utils: Capitalize abbreviations in the comments
ACPI: utils: Document for_each_acpi_dev_match() macro
ACPI: bus: Introduce acpi_dev_get() and reuse it in ACPI code
ACPI: scan: Utilize match_string() API
resource: Prevent irqresource_disabled() from erasing flags
ACPI: CPPC: Replace cppc_attr with kobj_attribute
ACPI: scan: Call acpi_get_object_info() from acpi_set_pnp_ids()
ACPI: scan: Drop sta argument from acpi_init_device_object()
ACPI: scan: Drop sta argument from acpi_add_single_object()
ACPI: scan: Rearrange checks in acpi_bus_check_add()
ACPI: scan: Fold acpi_bus_type_and_status() into its caller
ACPI: video: Check LCD flag on ACPI-reduced-hardware devices
ACPI: utils: Add acpi_reduced_hardware() helper
ACPI: dock: fix some coding style issues
ACPI: sysfs: fix some coding style issues
ACPI: PM: add a missed blank line after declarations
ACPI: custom_method: fix a coding style issue
ACPI: CPPC: fix some coding style issues
...
well contained to Documentation/ itself. Highlights include:
- The Chinese translators have been busy and show no signs of stopping
anytime soon. Italian has also caught up.
- Aditya Srivastava has been working on improvements to the kernel-doc
script.
- Thorsten continues his work on reporting-issues.rst and related
documentation around regression reporting.
- Lots of documentation updates, typo fixes, etc. as usual
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Merge tag 'docs-5.13' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"It's been a relatively busy cycle in docsland, though more than
usually well contained to Documentation/ itself. Highlights include:
- The Chinese translators have been busy and show no signs of
stopping anytime soon. Italian has also caught up.
- Aditya Srivastava has been working on improvements to the
kernel-doc script.
- Thorsten continues his work on reporting-issues.rst and related
documentation around regression reporting.
- Lots of documentation updates, typo fixes, etc. as usual"
* tag 'docs-5.13' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (139 commits)
docs/zh_CN: add openrisc translation to zh_CN index
docs/zh_CN: add openrisc index.rst translation
docs/zh_CN: add openrisc todo.rst translation
docs/zh_CN: add openrisc openrisc_port.rst translation
docs/zh_CN: add core api translation to zh_CN index
docs/zh_CN: add core-api index.rst translation
docs/zh_CN: add core-api irq index.rst translation
docs/zh_CN: add core-api irq irqflags-tracing.rst translation
docs/zh_CN: add core-api irq irq-domain.rst translation
docs/zh_CN: add core-api irq irq-affinity.rst translation
docs/zh_CN: add core-api irq concepts.rst translation
docs: sphinx-pre-install: don't barf on beta Sphinx releases
scripts: kernel-doc: improve parsing for kernel-doc comments syntax
docs/zh_CN: two minor fixes in zh_CN/doc-guide/
Documentation: dev-tools: Add Testing Overview
docs/zh_CN: add translations in zh_CN/dev-tools/gcov
docs: reporting-issues: make people CC the regressions list
MAINTAINERS: add regressions mailing list
doc:it_IT: align Italian documentation
docs/zh_CN: sync reporting-issues.rst
...
- MTE asynchronous support for KASan. Previously only synchronous
(slower) mode was supported. Asynchronous is faster but does not allow
precise identification of the illegal access.
- Run kernel mode SIMD with softirqs disabled. This allows using NEON in
softirq context for crypto performance improvements. The conditional
yield support is modified to take softirqs into account and reduce the
latency.
- Preparatory patches for Apple M1: handle CPUs that only have the VHE
mode available (host kernel running at EL2), add FIQ support.
- arm64 perf updates: support for HiSilicon PA and SLLC PMU drivers, new
functions for the HiSilicon HHA and L3C PMU, cleanups.
- Re-introduce support for execute-only user permissions but only when
the EPAN (Enhanced Privileged Access Never) architecture feature is
available.
- Disable fine-grained traps at boot and improve the documented boot
requirements.
- Support CONFIG_KASAN_VMALLOC on arm64 (only with KASAN_GENERIC).
- Add hierarchical eXecute Never permissions for all page tables.
- Add arm64 prctl(PR_PAC_{SET,GET}_ENABLED_KEYS) allowing user programs
to control which PAC keys are enabled in a particular task.
- arm64 kselftests for BTI and some improvements to the MTE tests.
- Minor improvements to the compat vdso and sigpage.
- Miscellaneous cleanups.
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Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 updates from Catalin Marinas:
- MTE asynchronous support for KASan. Previously only synchronous
(slower) mode was supported. Asynchronous is faster but does not
allow precise identification of the illegal access.
- Run kernel mode SIMD with softirqs disabled. This allows using NEON
in softirq context for crypto performance improvements. The
conditional yield support is modified to take softirqs into account
and reduce the latency.
- Preparatory patches for Apple M1: handle CPUs that only have the VHE
mode available (host kernel running at EL2), add FIQ support.
- arm64 perf updates: support for HiSilicon PA and SLLC PMU drivers,
new functions for the HiSilicon HHA and L3C PMU, cleanups.
- Re-introduce support for execute-only user permissions but only when
the EPAN (Enhanced Privileged Access Never) architecture feature is
available.
- Disable fine-grained traps at boot and improve the documented boot
requirements.
- Support CONFIG_KASAN_VMALLOC on arm64 (only with KASAN_GENERIC).
- Add hierarchical eXecute Never permissions for all page tables.
- Add arm64 prctl(PR_PAC_{SET,GET}_ENABLED_KEYS) allowing user programs
to control which PAC keys are enabled in a particular task.
- arm64 kselftests for BTI and some improvements to the MTE tests.
- Minor improvements to the compat vdso and sigpage.
- Miscellaneous cleanups.
* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (86 commits)
arm64/sve: Add compile time checks for SVE hooks in generic functions
arm64/kernel/probes: Use BUG_ON instead of if condition followed by BUG.
arm64: pac: Optimize kernel entry/exit key installation code paths
arm64: Introduce prctl(PR_PAC_{SET,GET}_ENABLED_KEYS)
arm64: mte: make the per-task SCTLR_EL1 field usable elsewhere
arm64/sve: Remove redundant system_supports_sve() tests
arm64: fpsimd: run kernel mode NEON with softirqs disabled
arm64: assembler: introduce wxN aliases for wN registers
arm64: assembler: remove conditional NEON yield macros
kasan, arm64: tests supports for HW_TAGS async mode
arm64: mte: Report async tag faults before suspend
arm64: mte: Enable async tag check fault
arm64: mte: Conditionally compile mte_enable_kernel_*()
arm64: mte: Enable TCO in functions that can read beyond buffer limits
kasan: Add report for async mode
arm64: mte: Drop arch_enable_tagging()
kasan: Add KASAN mode kernel parameter
arm64: mte: Add asynchronous mode support
arm64: Get rid of CONFIG_ARM64_VHE
arm64: Cope with CPUs stuck in VHE mode
...
Newer CPUs provide a second mechanism to detect operations with lock
prefix which go accross a cache line boundary. Such operations have to
take bus lock which causes a system wide performance degradation when
these operations happen frequently.
The new mechanism is not using the #AC exception. It triggers #DB and is
restricted to operations in user space. Kernel side split lock access can
only be detected by the #AC based variant. Contrary to the #AC based
mechanism the #DB based variant triggers _after_ the instruction was
executed. The mechanism is CPUID enumerated and contrary to the #AC
version which is based on the magic TEST_CTRL_MSR and model/family based
enumeration on the way to become architectural.
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Merge tag 'x86-splitlock-2021-04-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 bus lock detection updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"Support for enhanced split lock detection:
Newer CPUs provide a second mechanism to detect operations with lock
prefix which go accross a cache line boundary. Such operations have to
take bus lock which causes a system wide performance degradation when
these operations happen frequently.
The new mechanism is not using the #AC exception. It triggers #DB and
is restricted to operations in user space. Kernel side split lock
access can only be detected by the #AC based variant.
Contrary to the #AC based mechanism the #DB based variant triggers
_after_ the instruction was executed. The mechanism is CPUID
enumerated and contrary to the #AC version which is based on the magic
TEST_CTRL_MSR and model/family based enumeration on the way to become
architectural"
* tag 'x86-splitlock-2021-04-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
Documentation/admin-guide: Change doc for split_lock_detect parameter
x86/traps: Handle #DB for bus lock
x86/cpufeatures: Enumerate #DB for bus lock detection
Provide support for randomized stack offsets per syscall to make
stack-based attacks harder which rely on the deterministic stack layout.
The feature is based on the original idea of PaX's RANDSTACK feature, but
uses a significantly different implementation.
The offset does not affect the pt_regs location on the task stack as this
was agreed on to be of dubious value. The offset is applied before the
actual syscall is invoked.
The offset is stored per cpu and the randomization happens at the end of
the syscall which is less predictable than on syscall entry.
The mechanism to apply the offset is via alloca(), i.e. abusing the
dispised VLAs. This comes with the drawback that stack-clash-protection
has to be disabled for the affected compilation units and there is also
a negative interaction with stack-protector.
Those downsides are traded with the advantage that this approach does not
require any intrusive changes to the low level assembly entry code, does
not affect the unwinder and the correct stack alignment is handled
automatically by the compiler.
The feature is guarded with a static branch which avoids the overhead when
disabled.
Currently this is supported for X86 and ARM64.
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Merge tag 'x86-entry-2021-04-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull entry code update from Thomas Gleixner:
"Provide support for randomized stack offsets per syscall to make
stack-based attacks harder which rely on the deterministic stack
layout.
The feature is based on the original idea of PaX's RANDSTACK feature,
but uses a significantly different implementation.
The offset does not affect the pt_regs location on the task stack as
this was agreed on to be of dubious value. The offset is applied
before the actual syscall is invoked.
The offset is stored per cpu and the randomization happens at the end
of the syscall which is less predictable than on syscall entry.
The mechanism to apply the offset is via alloca(), i.e. abusing the
dispised VLAs. This comes with the drawback that
stack-clash-protection has to be disabled for the affected compilation
units and there is also a negative interaction with stack-protector.
Those downsides are traded with the advantage that this approach does
not require any intrusive changes to the low level assembly entry
code, does not affect the unwinder and the correct stack alignment is
handled automatically by the compiler.
The feature is guarded with a static branch which avoids the overhead
when disabled.
Currently this is supported for X86 and ARM64"
* tag 'x86-entry-2021-04-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
arm64: entry: Enable random_kstack_offset support
lkdtm: Add REPORT_STACK for checking stack offsets
x86/entry: Enable random_kstack_offset support
stack: Optionally randomize kernel stack offset each syscall
init_on_alloc: Optimize static branches
jump_label: Provide CONFIG-driven build state defaults
CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG is the build-time Kconfig knob, the boot param
sched_debug and the /debug/sched/debug_enabled knobs control the
sched_debug_enabled variable, but what they really do is make
SCHED_DEBUG more verbose, so rename the lot.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Current trusted keys framework is tightly coupled to use TPM device as
an underlying implementation which makes it difficult for implementations
like Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) etc. to provide trusted keys
support in case platform doesn't posses a TPM device.
Add a generic trusted keys framework where underlying implementations
can be easily plugged in. Create struct trusted_key_ops to achieve this,
which contains necessary functions of a backend.
Also, define a module parameter in order to select a particular trust
source in case a platform support multiple trust sources. In case its
not specified then implementation itetrates through trust sources list
starting with TPM and assign the first trust source as a backend which
has initiazed successfully during iteration.
Note that current implementation only supports a single trust source at
runtime which is either selectable at compile time or during boot via
aforementioned module parameter.
Suggested-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
CONFIG_ARM64_VHE was introduced with ARMv8.1 (some 7 years ago),
and has been enabled by default for almost all that time.
Given that newer systems that are VHE capable are finally becoming
available, and that some systems are even incapable of not running VHE,
drop the configuration altogether.
Anyone willing to stick to non-VHE on VHE hardware for obscure
reasons should use the 'kvm-arm.mode=nvhe' command-line option.
Suggested-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210408131010.1109027-4-maz@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
This provides the ability for architectures to enable kernel stack base
address offset randomization. This feature is controlled by the boot
param "randomize_kstack_offset=on/off", with its default value set by
CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET_DEFAULT.
This feature is based on the original idea from the last public release
of PaX's RANDKSTACK feature: https://pax.grsecurity.net/docs/randkstack.txt
All the credit for the original idea goes to the PaX team. Note that
the design and implementation of this upstream randomize_kstack_offset
feature differs greatly from the RANDKSTACK feature (see below).
Reasoning for the feature:
This feature aims to make harder the various stack-based attacks that
rely on deterministic stack structure. We have had many such attacks in
past (just to name few):
https://jon.oberheide.org/files/infiltrate12-thestackisback.pdfhttps://jon.oberheide.org/files/stackjacking-infiltrate11.pdfhttps://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2016/06/exploiting-recursion-in-linux-kernel_20.html
As Linux kernel stack protections have been constantly improving
(vmap-based stack allocation with guard pages, removal of thread_info,
STACKLEAK), attackers have had to find new ways for their exploits
to work. They have done so, continuing to rely on the kernel's stack
determinism, in situations where VMAP_STACK and THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK_STRUCT
were not relevant. For example, the following recent attacks would have
been hampered if the stack offset was non-deterministic between syscalls:
https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/bitstream/10216/125357/2/374717.pdf
(page 70: targeting the pt_regs copy with linear stack overflow)
https://a13xp0p0v.github.io/2020/02/15/CVE-2019-18683.html
(leaked stack address from one syscall as a target during next syscall)
The main idea is that since the stack offset is randomized on each system
call, it is harder for an attack to reliably land in any particular place
on the thread stack, even with address exposures, as the stack base will
change on the next syscall. Also, since randomization is performed after
placing pt_regs, the ptrace-based approach[1] to discover the randomized
offset during a long-running syscall should not be possible.
Design description:
During most of the kernel's execution, it runs on the "thread stack",
which is pretty deterministic in its structure: it is fixed in size,
and on every entry from userspace to kernel on a syscall the thread
stack starts construction from an address fetched from the per-cpu
cpu_current_top_of_stack variable. The first element to be pushed to the
thread stack is the pt_regs struct that stores all required CPU registers
and syscall parameters. Finally the specific syscall function is called,
with the stack being used as the kernel executes the resulting request.
The goal of randomize_kstack_offset feature is to add a random offset
after the pt_regs has been pushed to the stack and before the rest of the
thread stack is used during the syscall processing, and to change it every
time a process issues a syscall. The source of randomness is currently
architecture-defined (but x86 is using the low byte of rdtsc()). Future
improvements for different entropy sources is possible, but out of scope
for this patch. Further more, to add more unpredictability, new offsets
are chosen at the end of syscalls (the timing of which should be less
easy to measure from userspace than at syscall entry time), and stored
in a per-CPU variable, so that the life of the value does not stay
explicitly tied to a single task.
As suggested by Andy Lutomirski, the offset is added using alloca()
and an empty asm() statement with an output constraint, since it avoids
changes to assembly syscall entry code, to the unwinder, and provides
correct stack alignment as defined by the compiler.
In order to make this available by default with zero performance impact
for those that don't want it, it is boot-time selectable with static
branches. This way, if the overhead is not wanted, it can just be
left turned off with no performance impact.
The generated assembly for x86_64 with GCC looks like this:
...
ffffffff81003977: 65 8b 05 02 ea 00 7f mov %gs:0x7f00ea02(%rip),%eax
# 12380 <kstack_offset>
ffffffff8100397e: 25 ff 03 00 00 and $0x3ff,%eax
ffffffff81003983: 48 83 c0 0f add $0xf,%rax
ffffffff81003987: 25 f8 07 00 00 and $0x7f8,%eax
ffffffff8100398c: 48 29 c4 sub %rax,%rsp
ffffffff8100398f: 48 8d 44 24 0f lea 0xf(%rsp),%rax
ffffffff81003994: 48 83 e0 f0 and $0xfffffffffffffff0,%rax
...
As a result of the above stack alignment, this patch introduces about
5 bits of randomness after pt_regs is spilled to the thread stack on
x86_64, and 6 bits on x86_32 (since its has 1 fewer bit required for
stack alignment). The amount of entropy could be adjusted based on how
much of the stack space we wish to trade for security.
My measure of syscall performance overhead (on x86_64):
lmbench: /usr/lib/lmbench/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu/lat_syscall -N 10000 null
randomize_kstack_offset=y Simple syscall: 0.7082 microseconds
randomize_kstack_offset=n Simple syscall: 0.7016 microseconds
So, roughly 0.9% overhead growth for a no-op syscall, which is very
manageable. And for people that don't want this, it's off by default.
There are two gotchas with using the alloca() trick. First,
compilers that have Stack Clash protection (-fstack-clash-protection)
enabled by default (e.g. Ubuntu[3]) add pagesize stack probes to
any dynamic stack allocations. While the randomization offset is
always less than a page, the resulting assembly would still contain
(unreachable!) probing routines, bloating the resulting assembly. To
avoid this, -fno-stack-clash-protection is unconditionally added to
the kernel Makefile since this is the only dynamic stack allocation in
the kernel (now that VLAs have been removed) and it is provably safe
from Stack Clash style attacks.
The second gotcha with alloca() is a negative interaction with
-fstack-protector*, in that it sees the alloca() as an array allocation,
which triggers the unconditional addition of the stack canary function
pre/post-amble which slows down syscalls regardless of the static
branch. In order to avoid adding this unneeded check and its associated
performance impact, architectures need to carefully remove uses of
-fstack-protector-strong (or -fstack-protector) in the compilation units
that use the add_random_kstack() macro and to audit the resulting stack
mitigation coverage (to make sure no desired coverage disappears). No
change is visible for this on x86 because the stack protector is already
unconditionally disabled for the compilation unit, but the change is
required on arm64. There is, unfortunately, no attribute that can be
used to disable stack protector for specific functions.
Comparison to PaX RANDKSTACK feature:
The RANDKSTACK feature randomizes the location of the stack start
(cpu_current_top_of_stack), i.e. including the location of pt_regs
structure itself on the stack. Initially this patch followed the same
approach, but during the recent discussions[2], it has been determined
to be of a little value since, if ptrace functionality is available for
an attacker, they can use PTRACE_PEEKUSR/PTRACE_POKEUSR to read/write
different offsets in the pt_regs struct, observe the cache behavior of
the pt_regs accesses, and figure out the random stack offset. Another
difference is that the random offset is stored in a per-cpu variable,
rather than having it be per-thread. As a result, these implementations
differ a fair bit in their implementation details and results, though
obviously the intent is similar.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/kernel-hardening/2236FBA76BA1254E88B949DDB74E612BA4BC57C1@IRSMSX102.ger.corp.intel.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/kernel-hardening/20190329081358.30497-1-elena.reshetova@intel.com/
[3] https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-devel/2019-June/040741.html
Co-developed-by: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210401232347.2791257-4-keescook@chromium.org
Carry the `probe_mask' parameter over from ide-generic to pata_legacy so
that there is a way to prevent random poking at ISA port I/O locations
in attempt to discover adapter option cards with libata like with the
old IDE driver. By default all enabled locations are tried, however it
may interfere with a different kind of hardware responding there.
For example with a plain (E)ISA system the driver tries all the six
possible locations:
scsi host0: pata_legacy
ata1: PATA max PIO4 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 irq 14
ata1.00: ATA-4: ST310211A, 3.54, max UDMA/100
ata1.00: 19541088 sectors, multi 16: LBA
ata1.00: configured for PIO
scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA ST310211A 3.54 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
scsi 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 19541088 512-byte logical blocks: (10.0 GB/9.32 GiB)
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
sda: sda1 sda2 sda3
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
scsi host1: pata_legacy
ata2: PATA max PIO4 cmd 0x170 ctl 0x376 irq 15
scsi host1: pata_legacy
ata3: PATA max PIO4 cmd 0x1e8 ctl 0x3ee irq 11
scsi host1: pata_legacy
ata4: PATA max PIO4 cmd 0x168 ctl 0x36e irq 10
scsi host1: pata_legacy
ata5: PATA max PIO4 cmd 0x1e0 ctl 0x3e6 irq 8
scsi host1: pata_legacy
ata6: PATA max PIO4 cmd 0x160 ctl 0x366 irq 12
however giving the kernel "pata_legacy.probe_mask=21" makes it try every
other location only:
scsi host0: pata_legacy
ata1: PATA max PIO4 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 irq 14
ata1.00: ATA-4: ST310211A, 3.54, max UDMA/100
ata1.00: 19541088 sectors, multi 16: LBA
ata1.00: configured for PIO
scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA ST310211A 3.54 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
scsi 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 19541088 512-byte logical blocks: (10.0 GB/9.32 GiB)
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
sda: sda1 sda2 sda3
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
scsi host1: pata_legacy
ata2: PATA max PIO4 cmd 0x1e8 ctl 0x3ee irq 11
scsi host1: pata_legacy
ata3: PATA max PIO4 cmd 0x1e0 ctl 0x3e6 irq 8
Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki <macro@orcam.me.uk>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.21.2103211800110.21463@angie.orcam.me.uk
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Most pata_legacy module parameters lack MODULE_PARM_DESC documentation
and none is described in kernel-parameters.txt. Also several comments
are inaccurate or wrong.
Add the missing documentation pieces then and reorder parameters into a
consistent block. Remove inaccuracies as follows:
- `all' affects primary and secondary port ranges only rather than all,
- `probe_all' affects tertiary and further port ranges rather than all,
- `ht6560b' is for HT 6560B rather than HT 6560A.
Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki <macro@orcam.me.uk>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.21.2103211909560.21463@angie.orcam.me.uk
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Linus Torvalds
Gavin Shan
Joerg Roedel
Paul E. McKenney
Andy Shevchenko
Robin Murphy
Steven Rostedt (VMware)
Suren Baghdasaryan
Mike Rapoport
Barry Song
Stafford Horne
Fenghua Yu
Peter Zijlstra
Zhang Qiang
Michael Ellerman
Rasmus Villemoes
Oscar Salvador
Alexander Dahl
Nicholas Piggin
Rafael Aquini
Sumit Garg
Marc Zyngier
Kees Cook
Maciej W. Rozycki