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Author SHA1 Message Date
Kent Overstreet
0069455bcb fix missing vmalloc.h includes
Patch series "Memory allocation profiling", v6.

Overview:
Low overhead [1] per-callsite memory allocation profiling. Not just for
debug kernels, overhead low enough to be deployed in production.

Example output:
  root@moria-kvm:~# sort -rn /proc/allocinfo
   127664128    31168 mm/page_ext.c:270 func:alloc_page_ext
    56373248     4737 mm/slub.c:2259 func:alloc_slab_page
    14880768     3633 mm/readahead.c:247 func:page_cache_ra_unbounded
    14417920     3520 mm/mm_init.c:2530 func:alloc_large_system_hash
    13377536      234 block/blk-mq.c:3421 func:blk_mq_alloc_rqs
    11718656     2861 mm/filemap.c:1919 func:__filemap_get_folio
     9192960     2800 kernel/fork.c:307 func:alloc_thread_stack_node
     4206592        4 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.c:2567 func:nf_ct_alloc_hashtable
     4136960     1010 drivers/staging/ctagmod/ctagmod.c:20 [ctagmod] func:ctagmod_start
     3940352      962 mm/memory.c:4214 func:alloc_anon_folio
     2894464    22613 fs/kernfs/dir.c:615 func:__kernfs_new_node
     ...

Usage:
kconfig options:
 - CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING
 - CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT
 - CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_DEBUG
   adds warnings for allocations that weren't accounted because of a
   missing annotation

sysctl:
  /proc/sys/vm/mem_profiling

Runtime info:
  /proc/allocinfo

Notes:

[1]: Overhead
To measure the overhead we are comparing the following configurations:
(1) Baseline with CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM=n
(2) Disabled by default (CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING=y &&
    CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_BY_DEFAULT=n)
(3) Enabled by default (CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING=y &&
    CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_BY_DEFAULT=y)
(4) Enabled at runtime (CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING=y &&
    CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_BY_DEFAULT=n && /proc/sys/vm/mem_profiling=1)
(5) Baseline with CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM=y && allocating with __GFP_ACCOUNT
(6) Disabled by default (CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING=y &&
    CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_BY_DEFAULT=n)  && CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM=y
(7) Enabled by default (CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING=y &&
    CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_BY_DEFAULT=y) && CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM=y

Performance overhead:
To evaluate performance we implemented an in-kernel test executing
multiple get_free_page/free_page and kmalloc/kfree calls with allocation
sizes growing from 8 to 240 bytes with CPU frequency set to max and CPU
affinity set to a specific CPU to minimize the noise. Below are results
from running the test on Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS with 6.8.0-rc1 kernel on
56 core Intel Xeon:

                        kmalloc                 pgalloc
(1 baseline)            6.764s                  16.902s
(2 default disabled)    6.793s  (+0.43%)        17.007s (+0.62%)
(3 default enabled)     7.197s  (+6.40%)        23.666s (+40.02%)
(4 runtime enabled)     7.405s  (+9.48%)        23.901s (+41.41%)
(5 memcg)               13.388s (+97.94%)       48.460s (+186.71%)
(6 def disabled+memcg)  13.332s (+97.10%)       48.105s (+184.61%)
(7 def enabled+memcg)   13.446s (+98.78%)       54.963s (+225.18%)

Memory overhead:
Kernel size:

   text           data        bss         dec         diff
(1) 26515311	      18890222    17018880    62424413
(2) 26524728	      19423818    16740352    62688898    264485
(3) 26524724	      19423818    16740352    62688894    264481
(4) 26524728	      19423818    16740352    62688898    264485
(5) 26541782	      18964374    16957440    62463596    39183

Memory consumption on a 56 core Intel CPU with 125GB of memory:
Code tags:           192 kB
PageExts:         262144 kB (256MB)
SlabExts:           9876 kB (9.6MB)
PcpuExts:            512 kB (0.5MB)

Total overhead is 0.2% of total memory.

Benchmarks:

Hackbench tests run 100 times:
hackbench -s 512 -l 200 -g 15 -f 25 -P
      baseline       disabled profiling           enabled profiling
avg   0.3543         0.3559 (+0.0016)             0.3566 (+0.0023)
stdev 0.0137         0.0188                       0.0077


hackbench -l 10000
      baseline       disabled profiling           enabled profiling
avg   6.4218         6.4306 (+0.0088)             6.5077 (+0.0859)
stdev 0.0933         0.0286                       0.0489

stress-ng tests:
stress-ng --class memory --seq 4 -t 60
stress-ng --class cpu --seq 4 -t 60
Results posted at: https://evilpiepirate.org/~kent/memalloc_prof_v4_stress-ng/

[2] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240306182440.2003814-1-surenb@google.com/


This patch (of 37):

The next patch drops vmalloc.h from a system header in order to fix a
circular dependency; this adds it to all the files that were pulling it in
implicitly.

[kent.overstreet@linux.dev: fix arch/alpha/lib/memcpy.c]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240327002152.3339937-1-kent.overstreet@linux.dev
[surenb@google.com: fix arch/x86/mm/numa_32.c]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240402180933.1663992-1-surenb@google.com
[kent.overstreet@linux.dev: a few places were depending on sizes.h]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240404034744.1664840-1-kent.overstreet@linux.dev
[arnd@arndb.de: fix mm/kasan/hw_tags.c]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240404124435.3121534-1-arnd@kernel.org
[surenb@google.com: fix arc build]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240405225115.431056-1-surenb@google.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240321163705.3067592-1-surenb@google.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240321163705.3067592-2-surenb@google.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>
Signed-off-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Tested-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Alex Gaynor <alex.gaynor@gmail.com>
Cc: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Cc: Andreas Hindborg <a.hindborg@samsung.com>
Cc: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>
Cc: "Björn Roy Baron" <bjorn3_gh@protonmail.com>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Cc: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Wedson Almeida Filho <wedsonaf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2024-04-25 20:55:49 -07:00
Peter Oberparleiter
5c95bf2746 s390/cert_store: fix string length handling
Building cert_store.o with W=1 reveals this bug:

        CC      arch/s390/kernel/cert_store.o
          arch/s390/kernel/cert_store.c:443:45: warning: ‘sprintf’ may write a terminating nul past the end of the destination [-Wformat-overflow=]
            443 |         sprintf(desc + name_len, ":%04u:%08u", vce->vce_hdr.vc_index, cs_token);
                |                                             ^
          arch/s390/kernel/cert_store.c:443:9: note: ‘sprintf’ output between 15 and 18 bytes into a destination of size 15
            443 |         sprintf(desc + name_len, ":%04u:%08u", vce->vce_hdr.vc_index, cs_token);

Fix this by using the correct maximum width for each integer component
in both buffer length calculation and format string. Also switch to
using snprintf() to guard against potential future changes to the
integer range of each component.

Fixes: 8cf57d7217 ("s390: add support for user-defined certificates")
Reported-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
2023-09-19 13:25:44 +02:00
Yang Yingliang
3e8fc2d492 s390/cert_store: fix error return code in fill_cs_keyring()
The 'rc' will be re-assigned to 0 after calling get_vcssb(), it
needs be set to error code if create_cs_keyring() fails.

[hca@linux.ibm.com: slightly changed coding style]
Fixes: 8cf57d7217 ("s390: add support for user-defined certificates")
Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230728084228.3186083-1-yangyingliang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2023-07-29 14:57:19 +02:00
Anastasia Eskova
8cf57d7217 s390: add support for user-defined certificates
Enable receiving the user-defined certificates from the s390x
hypervisor via new diagnose 0x320 calls, and make them available to the
Linux root user as 'cert_store_key' type keys in a so-called
'cert_store' keyring.

New user-space interfaces:

  /sys/firmware/cert_store/refresh

    Writing to this attribute re-fetches certificates via DIAG 0x320

  /sys/firmware/cert_store/cs_status

    Reading from this attribute returns either of:

	  "uninitialized"
	    If no certificate has been retrieved yet
	  "ok"
	    If certificates have been successfully retrieved
	  "failed (<number>)"
	    If certificate retrieval failed with reason code <number>

New debug trace areas:

  /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/cert_store_msg

  /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/cert_store_hexdump

Usage example:

To initiate request for certificates available to the system as root:

  $ echo 1 > /sys/firmware/cert_store/refresh

Upon success the '/sys/firmware/cert_store/cs_status' contains
the value 'ok'.

  $ cat /sys/firmware/cert_store/cs_status
  ok

Get the ID of the keyring 'cert_store':

  $ keyctl search @us keyring cert_store
OR
  $ keyctl link @us @s; keyctl request keyring cert_store

Obtain list of IDs of certificates:

  $ keyctl rlist <cert_store keyring ID>

Display certificate content as hex-dump:

  $ keyctl read <certificate ID>

Read certificate contents as binary data:

  $ keyctl pipe <certificate ID> >cert_data

Display certificate description:

  $ keyctl describe <certificate ID>

The certificate description has the following format:

  <64 bytes certificate name in EBCDIC> ':'
  <certificate index as obtained from hypervisor> ':'
  <certificate store token obtained from hypervisor>

The certificate description in /proc/keys has certificate name
represented in ASCII.

Users can read but cannot update the content of the certificate.

Signed-off-by: Anastasia Eskova <anastasia.eskova@ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
2023-07-24 12:12:21 +02:00